Catholic Bible Institute Orientation Session

1. WELCOME toCBI 2016-19 Orientation Session: August 20, 2016

2. CBI Orientation Schedule (Green HO) 8:30 Gathering; Registration; Handouts; Books; Refreshments 8:45 Welcome & Opening Prayer: “Enthrone the Bible at Home” 9:00 Session 1: Introduction to the Catholic Bible Institute 10:00Table-Group Discussions: Ice-Breakers 10:15 Break 10:30 Session 2: Principles of Catholic Biblical Interpretation 12:00 Lunch Break 1:00 Session 3: Fundamentalism vs. Contextualism 2:15 Break 2:30 Session 4: Intro to the Bible & Biblical Studies 3:45 Final Announcements & Closing Prayer 4:00 Clean-up & Departure

3. Opening Prayer (Gray HO): “Enthrone the Bible in Your Home” • Folded booklet, by Stephen Binz • Please place your Bibles in middle of your table • Please stand and join in singing & praying • Song:Praise to You, O Christ, Our Savior

5. Session 1: Intro to the CBI • Felix:History of CBI & CBI-Orange Team • Maggie: Personal Experience of CBI • Fiona: CBI Philosophy & Table-Group Faith-Sharing • Maureen: Sacred Space & Opening/Closing Prayers • Randy: 3-Year Overview; Registrations: Scholarships, Credit/Enrichment options, Statement of Intent & Letters of Recommendation • Felix:Reading/Writing Assignments for Year 1; BOOKS

6. Introductions: CBI-Orange Team • Randy Lopez, M.T.S. (CBI Coordinator) – CBI@loyolainstitute.org • Fr. Felix Just, S.J., Ph.D. (LIS Director) – just@loyolainstitute.org • Raymond Uribe (LIS Staff) – uribe@loyolainstitute.org • Maggie Cunningham – MCunningham@cardiacscience.com • Fiona Sanchez– fionahs67@icloud.com • MaureenTunstill– mtunstill@rosaryacademy.org

7. Brief History of Catholic Bible Institutes • 1990: Archdiocese of Los Angeles & LMU • 2008: LMU & Diocese of San Bernardino, CA • 2013: LIS & Diocese of Orange, CA • 2015: LIS & Diocese of Tucson, AZ ! • 2016: LIS & Diocese of Orange – 2nd Cohort! Three-Year Certificate Program (one Sat. per month): • Orig.: OT, NT, Practicum • Now: NT, OT, Practicum • (see bottom/back of green HO)

8. A Personal Experience of CBI • Margaret (Maggie) Cunningham • Graduate of first CBI-Orange Cohort, 2013-2016

9. CBI Philosophy (Gold HO) • Professional:the team and the instructors present an understanding of the study of the Sacred Scriptures through a variety of adult learning experiences using the most contemporary scholarship and methodologies available. • Prayerful:the planning, preparation and presentation of each session is woven together with prayer. Also, a variety of liturgical expressions and rituals following the session theme or liturgical season enhance the Institute to give the participants a sense of the rich tradition of our Catholic heritage and to aid them in praying the Scriptures. • Purposeful:each activity and process is designed to increase and enrich one’s knowledge and understanding of Scripture by integrating the information with one’s personal life experience and prayer. • Participatory:It fosters community in small groups. Each participant is a significant and active part of a small group throughout the Institute. The membership of the small group changes annually. This opportunity allows the participants to reflect on one’s experience and attitude of being Church. The Church is not a group of like-minded or related individuals; rather, it is a group of committed people where the unity of the Spirit is the bond that proclaims the presence of Christ despite our differences. • Pastoral:the Institute strives to be pragmatic through modeling of various alternative means of presenting Bible Study Programs at a parish level. Multicultural concerns are respectfully addressed for men and women at various levels of experience, and a spirit of dialogue among all Christian groups around the theme of biblical studies will be promoted. • Personal: each participant is challenged to grow in a deeper understanding and practice of the Word of God in the midst of the Church. Through an environment and attitude of prayerful reflection, all participants are invited to open themselves to being transformed by the Scriptures.

10. Small-Group Faith-Sharing Guidelines (Gold HO) “Ten Commandments” – for SPEAKING and LISTENING • See Jesus in every member of your group. • Love each member just as she or he is today. • Treat everyone as well as you want them to treat you (the “Golden Rule”). • Share only what God is revealing to you about yourself and your own life. • Allow each person equal time to share with the group, but don’t force anyone. • Be courteous of one another. Allow each person to speak without interruption. • Listening is even more important than speaking (we have two ears, one mouth). • Do not try to solve another person’s problems. Do not teach, preach, judge, condemn, or give advice. Just listen and offer support. • Do not share with others outside the group what you heard in the group. Confidentiality is essential for the trust level of a group. • All members of the group assume responsibility for these guidelines.Gently remind and lovingly encourage one another if anyone forgets.

11. Planning Monthly Services (Tan HO) • “Sacred Space” • Display in front of room • Maybe also something on each table? • Theme: related to the biblical topic of the month • Opening & Closing Prayer Services: • Theme: related to the biblical topic of the month • Variety of components: scripture, prayers, songs, art, etc. • Make it participatory and prayerful • Please use inclusive language • Opening ca. 10 min. (2 pages); Closing ca. 5 min. (1 page) • Email Worship Aides to Randy on week in advance

12. Registration Details (Randy) • Overview of 3-Year CBI Program • Registration / Payments each semester • Scholarship Applications • Credit / Enrichment options • Statement of Intent (your own) • Letters of Recommendation (from your parish) • Monthly Attendance (please sign attendance sheets) • Absences: notify Randy; listen to recordings • CBI Website: catholic-resources.org/CBI-Orange

13. Homework! (Salmon HO) Orientation Session: Two Special Readings • Vatican II: Dei Verbum, “Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation”(free online at http://vatican.va) • Ronald Witherup, PSS. Biblical Fundamentalism: What Every Catholic Should Know. Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 2001. (publ. $14.95; LIS new $12; used $8)

14. Monthly Assignments(Salmon HO) BEFORE each Session: Reading Assignments • BIBLE: New Testament texts & intros! • Anselm Academic Study Bible(LIS $38) • Catholic Study Bible(Amazon 30-40% off) • Or another recent “Study Bible” • Textbooks: • 4a) Certificate: Raymond E. Brown. An Introduction to the NT. Doubleday, 1997. ($75; Amazon $16 - $58) • 4b) Certificate: Mark Allan Powell. Introducing the NT. Baker Academic, 2009. ($45; Amazon $25)– free related website: www.IntroducingNT.com • 4c) Enrichment: Margaret Nutting Ralph. A Walk through the NT. Paulist Press, 2012. (ppr $19.95; LIS new $15; used $10)

15. Study Bibles

16. Textbooks: Intros to the NT

17. Extra Materials: • Kurt Aland. Synopsis of the Four Gospels: English Edition. American Bible Society, 1982.($50; LIS new $35; used $20-25) • Online biblical resources: • http://catholic-resources.org/Bible (Fr. Felix) • http://www.IntroducingNT.com (Mark Powell)

18. Monthly Assignments(Peach HO) • AFTER each Session: Writing Assignments • Monthly ONE-page Reflections • More details next month! • Email to your “Reader” within TWO weeks • Slightly longer Year-End Paper • Special Assignment this month only: • ONE-page reflection on Dei Verbum & Fundamentalism • Back of TAN HO: Four questions  Four paragraphs • Please follow sample format of Nicholas Lopez! • Bring with you to next session (Sept. 17)

19. Table Discussions (Green HO: Icebreaker Qs) Going around the table, let each person answer the first question, then move on to the second question, and then the third one. Please keep your answers brief, so that everyone at the table has time to share. • Brief introduction – your name and parish or religious community • What are you hoping to get out of the Catholic Bible Institute? • If you could spend a day with any biblical character (aside from Jesus), who would it be, and why?

20. How to Read the Bible?Catholic Approachesto Biblical Interpretation CBI Orientation, Aug. 20, 2016 – Session 2 Felix Just, S.J., Ph.D. Loyola Institute for Spirituality, Orange, CA http://catholic-resources.org

21. Should Catholics read the Bible? • Common Warning before Vatican II • DON’T read the Bible! • Why Not? • Too dangerous! Too easy to misunderstand! • Just listen to what Sister or Father tells you about it. • New Emphasis since just before Vatican II: • DO read the Bible, but humbly, carefully, prayerfully! • How? • In Liturgy & Sacraments, communally & individually

22. A Key Question: • Should Catholics Read the Bible Literally? • Do we accept Literal Interpretation of the Bible? • Answer: YES!(Are you surprised?) • Distinctions: • “Literal” but not “literalistic” (not naively; not as fundamentalists) • “Literal” means “according to the letter”  Bible is literature! • “Literally” AND “spiritually” (not either/or)

23. What Is “Fundamentalism”? • Five “Fundamentals” of Christian Doctrine (1890’s, Prot.) • Literal Inerrancy of the Bible(interpreted 100% factually) • Virgin Birth & Deity of Jesus • Substitutionary Atonement (Jesus’ death) • Bodily Resurrection of Jesus • Imminent Return of Jesus • Popular Appeal of Fundamentalism: • simplistic answers to complex questions • meaning of texts is obvious? • people crave certainty (don’t want ambiguity or complexity)

24. 5 Principles of Catholic Biblical Interp. • “Both / And” Approach to Christian Theology vs. one-sided over-emphasis or neglect • “Incarnational Theology” is Core (God’s Self-Revelation!) vs. bibliolatry, over-emphasis on Bible as text • “Ecclesial Guidance” for Proper Understanding vs. individualistic mis-interpretations • “Literary Genres” are Diverse/Complex vs. modernist / historicist assumptions • “Historical-Critical” Exegesis is Essential vs. fundamentalist / literalist fallacies

25. Principles of Catholic Interpretation (1) The “BOTH / AND” Approach is Foundational: • Applies to Theology in general, Scripture in particular • Heads/Tails, Positive/Negative, North/South Examples from Theology: • God is both transcendentandimmanent • Jesus is both fully humanand fully divine • The Eucharist is both a mealand a sacrifice Problems/Errors with One-Sided Over-emphases: • Ex: Blind people touching different parts of an Elephant

26. Principles of Catholic Interpretation (1) The “BOTH / AND” Approach is Foundational: • Bible is both the Word of God and authored by humans • Bible contains both Old Testament and New Testament • Bible is both studied academically and prayed liturgically • Bible is used both individually and communally • Bible has both literal and spiritual meanings (4-fold meaning) Caution: Read it literally (as literature of various types), but not literalistically (mere historical facts) • See “BOTH/AND: The Essential Key to Catholic Theology” (FJ)

27. Principles of Catholic Interpretation (2) Incarnational Principle: God’s Self-Revelation • “Revelation” = God’s “self-communication” in/to world • In multiple stages: more and more explicit over time • “Tradition” = “passing on” God’s revelation to future • In multiple stages: gradually more explicit and established

28. Principles of Catholic Interpretation (2) Incarnational Theology is Core & Climax • “Word of God” is not just a book (Bible), but Jesus! • Jesus is the Pinnacle of God’s Self-Revelation to the World • “God sent his only-begotten Son…” (John 3:16) • Incarnation: “The Word became Flesh…” (John 1:14) • Jesus of Nazareth = both Son of God and Son of Mary • Word of God (God speaks, things happen; cf. Gen 1) • Word made Flesh (God speaks in human languages) • See New Testament Christology (FJ)

29. Principles of Catholic Interpretation (3) “Ecclesial” Guidance is Necessary • Jesus, Disciples, Holy Spirit, Church: • All came before the Bible was written and compiled! • The Church (guided by the Holy Spirit) created the Bible,not only vice-versa! • Church community helps us understand the texts: • Homilies, Books, Courses, Bible Study, Scripture Sharing Groups, etc. • Personal interpretation should not conflict with Church Tradition • Popes and Bishops are the guarantors of the Church’s Tradition (assisted by theologians & exegetes)

30. Official Church Documents: • Pope Pius XII: Divino Afflante Spiritu (1943) • Second Vatican Council: Dei Verbum (1965) • Pontifical Biblical Commission: • “Historical Truth of the Gospels” (1964) • “The Interpretation of the Bible in the Church” (1993) • Catechism of Catholic Church (1994; 2nd ed. 1997) • In section on “The Profession of Faith” (par. 51-141) • [ Online versions of these and related documents - FJ]

31. Principles of Catholic Interpretation (4) Awareness of Literary Genres is Crucial: • “GENRE”= category or type of literature (or art, music, etc.) • characterized by a particular form, style, or content. • Many publications contain multiple genres: • Ex: Newspapers have news articles, editorials, comics, obituaries, sports results, financial reports, classified ads, movie reviews, etc. • The Bible is not just one “book,” but a whole “library” • It contains many different literary genres, not just “history” • See “An Introduction to Literary Genres & Form Criticism” (FJ)

32. Hebrew Bible Genres • Myths & Legends(Genesis, parts of Exodus, Numbers, Deuteronomy) • Legal Codes(Leviticus, parts of Exodus, Numbers, Deuteronomy) • Genealogies(parts of Genesis, much of Numbers) • Annals(Josh, Judges, 1 & 2 Samuel, 1 & 2 Kings, etc.) • Prophetic Books(Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, etc.) • Psalms/Odes/Songs(Psalms) • Prayers/Laments(Lamentations) • Proverbs(Proverbs) • Wisdom Literature(Job, Wisdom, etc.) • Apocalypse(Daniel)

33. New Testament Genres • Gospels(Mark, Matthew, Luke, John) • Acts(Acts of the Apostles) • Letters(esp. Paul's) • Church Orders(1 Timothy, Titus) • Testament(2 Timothy & 2 Peter) • Homily/Sermon(Hebrews) • Wisdom Collection(James) • Epistles/Encyclicals(1 & 2 Peter) • Apocalypse(Revelation to John) • Many more sub-genres, esp. within the Gospels

34. What is “Truth”? • There are different KINDS of “Truth”: • Historical: Pearl Harbor was bombed on Dec. 7, 1941. • Conventional: My name is Felix. • Scientific: The earth revolves around the sun. • Mathematical: 2 + 3 = 5 • Theological: God is love. • All of these are “true” – but not all are “historical” • So, the whole Bible is true, but not all in the Bible is historical!

35. Literary Genres - Applications • Did God create the whole world in only six days? • What is the literary genre of Genesis 1? • Was Jonah really in the belly of a whale for 3 days? • What is the literary genre of the Book of Jonah? • Was Daniel really thrown into a Lion’s Den? • What is the literary genre of the Book of Daniel? • Is the “Parable of the Vineyard Workers” really fair? • What is the literary genre of Jesus’ parables?

36. Principles of Catholic Interpretation (5) Historical-Critical Exegesis is Essential: • Ex-egesis = “leading out”(drawing the intended meaning out of the text) • Vs. eis-egesis(putting your own pre-formed opinions into the text) • “Critical” = asking analytical questions (not just “critiquing”) • Consider multiple levels of both Content and Context: • Historical / Literal Content & Spiritual / Theological Content • Historical Context (surrounding world) & Literary Context (surrounding text) • Openness to Development (historical, literary, theological): • Development from oral preaching/tradition to written texts/scriptures • Growth in our understanding and application of texts over time

37. Principles of Catholic Interpretation (5) Results of Exegesis available to non-specialists: • Study Bibles: • Catholic Study Bible, New Jerusalem Bible, HarperCollins SB • Bible Dictionaries: • HarperCollins, Eerdmans, Anchor, Interpreter’s, etc. • Bible Commentaries: • One-Vol: New Jerome BC, HarperCollins, Collegeville, etc. • Multi-Vol: Sacra Pagina, Anchor BC, many others

38. Principles of Catholic Interpretation (5) Biblical Exegesis shows Theological Developments,even within the Bible itself. For example: Polytheism (there are many gods, with different roles)  Henotheism (our God is better than all other gods)  Monotheism (there is one and only one true God)  Trinitarian Monotheism (one God is Father, Son, Spirit)

39. Principles of Catholic Interpretation (5) Biblical Exegesis also shows Moral Developments: • Ancient Cultures:escalating retribution • Strike back hard! If you kill one of us, we’ll kill ten of you! • Hebrew Bible:limited retribution • “Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, life for life”? • Exod 21:23-24; Lev 24:19-20; Deut 19:21 • Literal meaning? Historical context? • New Testament: NO retribution! • Matt 5:38-48 – turn the other cheek, love your enemies… • Literal meaning? Modern application?

40. Applications to “Difficult Texts” • The Bible says, “There is no God!” • At least three times! Ps 10:4; 14:1; 53:1 • Literary context? • Literal meaning?

41. Applications to “Difficult Texts” • Does the Bible contradict itself? • “They shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks…” (Isaiah 2:4; Micah 4:3) • “Beat your plowshares into swords, and your pruning hooks into spears…” (Joel 3:10)

42. Applications to “Difficult Texts” • Did Jesus have “Brothers & Sisters”? (Mark 6:3) • Literal meaning? • Historical context?

43. Applications to “Difficult Texts” • “Pluck out your eyes, cut off your hands/feet?”(Matt 5:29-30 & 18:8-9) • Literary genre / form / type? • Literal meaning? • Historical context?

44. Applications to “Difficult Texts” • “Don’t call anyone on earth ‘father’ ”? (Matt 23:8) • Literary genre / form / type? • Literal meaning? • Literary and Historical context?

45. Applications to “Difficult Texts” • Should women wear veils in church?(1 Cor 11:4-10) • Literal meaning? • Historical context?

46. Applications to “Difficult Texts” • Your Examples? • Literal/original meaning? • Spiritual/theological meaning? • Literary genre/type? • Historical context? • Literary context? • Canonical context?

47. Summary / Review • “Both / And” Approach to Christian Theology vs. one-sided over-emphasis or neglect • “Incarnational Theology” is Core (God’s Self-Revelation!) vs. bibliolatry, over-emphasis on Bible as text • “Ecclesial Guidance” for Proper Understanding vs. individualistic mis-interpretations • “Literary Genres” are Diverse/Complex vs. modernist / historicist assumptions • “Historical-Critical” Exegesis is Essential vs. fundamentalist / literalist fallacies

48. Catholic TeachingsOn Biblical Interpretation:Vatican II: Dei Verbum Fr. Felix Just, S.J., Ph.D. Loyola Institute for Spirituality, Orange, CAhttp://catholic-resources.org

49. Dei Verbum(Vatican II)“Preface” • The WORD of GOD! • Hearing it with Reverence; Proclaiming it with Faith • Quotation of 1 John 1:2-3 • In the footsteps of Trent and Vatican I • Authentic doctrine on divine revelation“and how it is handed on” (Lat. transmissione) • Hearing  Believe  Hope  Love

50. Ecumenical Councils & The Bible: • Council of Trent (1545-63) – Session IV (4/8/46) • Q: Biblical Canon & Authorized Translations? • vs. Protestants who omitted books & made vernacular transl. • First Vatican Council (1869-70) – Dei Filius • Q: Relationship between Scripture & REASON? • vs. both Fideists (faith alone) & Rationalists (reason alone) • Second Vatican Council (1962-65) – Dei Verbum • Q: Relationship between Scripture & TRADITION?