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WELCOME to CBI 2016-2019

WELCOME to CBI 2016-2019. Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Sept. 17, 2016 Intro NT & Gospel acc. to Mark. Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange. GRAY Handout, pp. 2-3 (on back of today’s Schedule). Song: Seed, Scattered and Sown (vv. 1-2) Gospel: Mark 4:1-9

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WELCOME to CBI 2016-2019

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  1. Sept. 17, 2016 – Intro NT & Gospel according to Mark WELCOMEtoCBI 2016-2019 Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Sept. 17, 2016Intro NT & Gospel acc. to Mark

  2. Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange GRAY Handout, pp. 2-3 (on back of today’s Schedule) Song: Seed, Scattered and Sown (vv. 1-2) Gospel: Mark 4:1-9 Responsorial: Ps 126:1-6 Intercessions The Lord’s Prayer Closing Prayer Closing Song (v. 3) Opening Prayer:

  3. 8:00 [Saturday Mass in Sacred Heart Chapel – optional] 8:30 Gathering; Handouts; Refreshments 8:55 Welcome & Opening Prayer 9:00Session 1 (10:00 Q&A and/or Table-Group Discussions) 10:15 Break 10:30 Session 2 (11:30 Q&A and/or Table-Group Discussions) 12:00 Lunch 1:00 Session 3(2:00 Q&A and/or Table-Group Discussions) 2:15 Break 2:30 Session 4(3:30 Q&A and/or Table-Group Discussions) 3:50 Final Announcements & Closing Prayer 4:00 Clean-up & Departure Daily Schedule (Green HO from August)

  4. Blue HO, front: • Role of the Facilitator • Readers for CBI Groups • Maggie (green); Fiona (blue) • Maureen (pink); Randy (gray) • Blue HO, back: • Sacred Space, Opening Prayer, Closing Prayer • Morning Refreshments: Light Snacks (healthy?) • (Coffee,Tea, Water will be provided each month) Group Facilitators & Monthly Contributions

  5. Reflection Paper, due today: • On Dei Verbum & Ron Witherup’sFundamentalism • Follow Guidelines from Tan Handout from August Readings for Today: Intro. to NT & Gospel of Mark • BIBLE: The Gospel according to Mark (all 16 chaps.) • BROWN: Chapters 1, 6A (pp. 99-111), Ch. 7; also skim Ch. 2 & 3 (as time permits) • POWELL: Chapters 1, 2, 3, 6 • RALPH: Chapters 1–3 Year 1 Syllabus(SALMON HO from Aug.)

  6. Wi-Fi Access here: M0therH0use • Fr. Ronald Witherup: Biblical Fundamentalism • Typos in Dei Verbum: • DV 1.5 cites Rom 13:26; should be Rom 13:2-6 • DV 4.14 cites Ps 21:29; = Ps 22:29 in most Bibles • HO: Ancient Near East & Roman Empire MAPS Note: Where’s the Holy Land? • HO: Color Charts of Jewish & Christian Bibles Addendum to August Session

  7. Sept. 19, 2015 – Intro NT & Gospel of Mark

  8. Full-color Handouthttp://catholic-resources.org/Bible/Heb-Xn-Bibles.htm • Various Differences in HB/OT: • Different foundational texts • Different total number of biblical books • Different arrangement of categories of books • Different titles for some books • Different categorization of some books • Need to ask: WHICH Bible? WHOSE Bible? • Luckily, the NT is identical in all Christian Bibles Jewish & Christian Bibles

  9. Linked on our CBI Website: http://catholic-resources.org/CBI-Orange/Year1-Syllabus-2016-17.html Rest of PPT Slide Show from August

  10. New Testament: Contents & Order & Genres • Multiple Stages of Composition & Transmission • What Are the Gospels? Four Portraits of Jesus • Canonical Gospels in the Lectionary for Mass • Table-Group Discussions: • Why is important to consider the many STAGES in the formation of the NT Canon? • Why is it crucial to understand the “Four-fold Role of the Evangelists as Authors”? Session 1: Intro to NT Canon

  11. Greek New Testament: • Books: 27 • Chapters: 260 • Verses: 7956 • Words: 138,020 • Chapter & Verse Divisions • Current Chapter Divisions – AD 1205 • Current Verse Divisions – AD 1551 NT Contents & Statistics (HO, p.1)

  12. Four Main Sections/Genres: • Gospels • 3 “Synoptics” + “Fourth Gospel” • Acts of the Apostles • Letters/Epistles • “Pauline” • “Catholic” • Apocalypse / Revelation • Also sub-genres within each of these genres • Helpful to MEMORIZE the order of all 27 books! NT Categories / Genres (HO, p. 1)

  13. NOT listed in chronological order. Overall order: life of Jesus (Gospels); growth of Church (Acts, Letters, Epistles); end of time (described symbolically in Revelation). Gospels: traditional order assumed Matthew was oldest); however Markwas probably first. Acts: originally Luke’s 2nd volume; but when four Gospels grouped together, Acts was placed after John. Letters of Paul, in two sub-groups: to communities, to individuals; in each sub-group, in decreasing order of length (more or less). “Letter to the Hebrews”: used to be attributed to Paul; maybe by one of his followers, but not by Paul himself. Catholic or General Epistles: in decreasing order of length; but letters attributed to one apostle are grouped together. Book of Revelation (singular! not “Revelations”!): describes end of time (New Heavens, New Earth, New Jerusalem, etc.). Canonical Arrangement: 8 Tips (HO, 2)

  14. End of Luke & Beginning of John

  15. Long Process of Development: • writing, sharing, collecting, editing, translating, debating, interpreting the books/letters now in NT 1st Cent. – individual writings composed 2nd Cent. – writings collected (4 Gospels; Paul’s Letters) 4th Cent. – early canon lists • some with fewer than books: 2 Peter? Revelation? • some with more: Didache, Shepherd of Hermas, etc. • 367 – Easter Letter of St. Athanasius – first list of all 27 16th Cent. – Council of Trent • First "official" listing of all 46 OT & 27 NT books • In reaction to Protestants(esp. regarding OT Apocrypha) “Canonization” of the NT

  16. Stages of Gospel Formation Based on Vatican II: Dei Verbum • Historical Events • Oral Tradition • Written Texts • Canonization

  17. Life & Ministry of Jesus Oral Tradition Written Sources Written Texts Distribution Collection Canonization Translation Interpretation Application Ten Stages of NT Formation (HO, p. 2)

  18. 1) Apostolic Origin – • attributed to and/or based on preaching/teaching of first-generation apostles(or their closest companions) 2) Universal Acceptance – • acknowledged by all major Christian communities in the Mediterranean world (by end of 4th century) 3) Liturgical Use – • read publicly along with OT when early Christians gathered for Lord's Supper (weekly worship services) 4) Consistent Message – • containing theological ideas compatible with other accepted Christian writings (incl. divinity & humanity Jesus) Four Main Criteria for Canonicity

  19. What Is a “Gospel”? • Biography? History? • Both Yes and No ! • Biographical, but not modern “biography” • Historical, but not contemporary “history” • Euangelion = Proclamation of “Gospel” or “GOOD NEWS”!

  20. "gospel" = "good news" = oral preaching • from Gk. Ευ̉αγγέλιον = Evangelion(cf. Eng. "Evangelist")eu = "good"; angelos = "messenger" • "Now after John was arrested, Jesus came to Galilee, proclaiming the good news of God, and saying, 'The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God has come near; repent, and believe in the good news.' " (Mark 1:14-15; NRSV) • "Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, set apart for the gospel of God, which he promised beforehand through his prophets in the holy scriptures, the gospel concerning his Son…" (Romans 1:1-3; NRSV) • "But the birthday of the god (Caesar Augustus) was… the beginning of the good news for the world…" (Prien inscription) Important Definitions:

  21. "Gospel" = "written account about Jesus" • Mark was first to use "gospel" in this sense: • "The beginning of the good news of Jesus Christ, the Son of God." (Mark 1:1) • NT Gospel Titles(added in 2nd Cent.): • "Gospel according to Mark; Gospel according to…" • "Canon" • "Official List" of writings ("scriptures") considered foundational by some group: HB canon, NT canon… • Usually religious, but not only:e.g. Shakespearean canon Important Definitions (cont.)

  22. Four "Canonical Gospels" • Matthew, Mark, Luke, John • Dates: 1st century (60's – 90's) • Order? Mark probably first, then Matthew, Luke; John last • "Non-canonical Gospels" • Many other short books • mostly from 2nd to 4th cent. • about Jesus' life and/or his teachings • not all explicitly entitled “Gospel” Important Definitions (cont.)

  23. Who Wrote the Gospels? • Four Evangelists? • God? Holy Spirit? • Catholic Answer: BOTH / AND! • Doctrine of “Inspiration” • Historicity of the Gospels (PBC)

  24. Who Wrote the Gospels? • Greek Titles: Euangelion KATA… • Not “Gospel OF…” but “Gospel ACCORDING TO Mark”(or Matt / Luke / John) • Four Evangelists: • Matthew: Angel • Mark: Lion • Luke: Ox • John: Eagle

  25. HO, p.2 (bottom); Based on Vatican II: Dei Verbum Selectors– from among the many things Jesus said and did, they chose which stories they wanted to include and which to omit. Arrangers– they organized materials in a particular sequence, not necessarily chronologically but often in thematic blocks. Shapers– they adapted and edited the individual stories from their sources so as to emphasize the themes they wanted to stress. Proclaimers– they were not objective historians, but preached the “good news” about Jesus in ways appropriate to their audiences. Four-fold Role of Evangelists as Authors

  26. Why is important to consider the many STAGES in the formation of the New Testament Canon? Why is it crucial to understand the“Four-fold Role of the Evangelists as Authors”? How can having four Gospels enrich our faith, rather than confuse us? Table-Group Discussions

  27. See Jesus in every member of your group. Love each member just as she or he is today. Treat everyone as well as you want them to treat you (the “Golden Rule”). Share only what God is revealing to you about yourself and your own life. Allow each person equal time to share with the group, but don’t force anyone. Be courteous of one another. Allow each person to speak without interruption. Listening is even more important than speaking (we have two ears, one mouth). Do not try to solve another person’s problems. Do not teach, preach, judge, condemn, or give advice. Just listen and offer support. Do not share with others outside the group what you heard in the group. Confidentiality is essential for the trust level of a group. All members of the group assume responsibility for these guidelines.Gently remind and lovingly encourage one another if anyone forgets. Faith-Sharing Guidelines(Gold HO from August)“Ten Commandments” – for SPEAKING and LISTENING

  28. Canonical Gospels in Lectionary for Mass Kurt Aland’s Synopsis of the Four Gospels Mark’s Gospel: Outline & Overview Mark’s Gospel: Literary Features Jesus’ Preaching & Teaching Jesus’ Public Ministry & Miracles Group Discussions: Which of the literary features of Mark most surprise/impress you? Session 2: Intro to MARK

  29. THREE-Year Cycle for most Sundays: • Year A: mostly Matthew • Year B: mostly Mark • Year C: mostly Luke • JOHN interspersed: • Mostly Lent and Easter • Some in Advent and Christmas • Ord. Time: 2nd Sun. ABC & 17th-21st Sun. B • Weekdays: Matt / Mark / Luke each year Gospels in Lectionary (HO, p.3)

  30. Most of Mark used on Sundays, Year B • Parts that are omitted on Sundays are mostly used on weekdays. • Very little is neverused at Mass. Mark in Lectionary (HO, p.4)

  31. Turn to ONE neighbor (or at most two), and briefly share: What were your overall impressions as you read the ENTIRE Gospel of Mark? What stood out for you or surprised you? How did reading this Gospel affect you? Initial Sharing in Pairs

  32. Prints texts from Matt, Mark, Luke, John in parallel columns, for easy comparison • Look for the GAPS in specific lines or words • See esp. “Index of Gospel Parallels” • in back: pp. 341-355 • Example: one can easily see how much is “missing” from Mark (and John) • But is this material really “missing”? Kurt Aland, Synopsis of the Four Gospels

  33. Kurt Aland, Synopsis of the Four Gospels, p. 341

  34. Kurt Aland, Synopsis of the Four Gospels, p. 342

  35. Kurt Aland, Synopsis of the Four Gospels, p. 353a

  36. Kurt Aland, Synopsis of the Four Gospels, p. 355

  37. One Jesus: Four Gospels • Is it the SAME Jesus in all four Gospels? • Best Catholic Answer: • Not “Yes” or “No” – but “both Yes and No”! • Same historical person: Jesus of Naz. • Same divine person: Christ, Son of God • But four very different portraits • Different theological emphases

  38. Rethink Gospel Formation • Is there even an “original text”? • Ongoing interplay between live preaching and written/expanded “performance notes” • One author? Multiple authors? Final author? • Aramaic Matthew? vs. Final/canonical Mt? • Proto-Luke? vs. Final/canonical Luke (&Acts) • Early edition(s) of Mark vs. later editions • Early edition(s) of John vs. later editions

  39. Synoptics vs. John • Traditional Bias: “Apostolic Witness” • Matthew and John were apostles, thus the most historical • Modern Bias: “Markan Priority” • Mark is earliest, thus most historical • John is latest, thus least historical • Today: Apply the Both/And Approach: • All FOUR Gospels: BOTH History & Theology

  40. Full-color handout: new for today • Mark = Yellow • Matthew = Red • Luke = Blue • John = Grey (or Brown) • Study Vertically and Horizontally • Vertically: focus on each Gospel separately • Horizontally: compare features in 4 Gospels 4 Gospels: Comparative Charts

  41. Attributed author: "John Mark of Jerusalem" (Acts 12:12; 15:37; Col 4:10; Phlm 1:24; 1Pet 5:13) Implied author: bilingual (Aramaic/Greek) 2nd generation Xn; the "young man" of 14:51-52? Audience: mostly Gentile converts, fairly new in their faith, facing persecutions Location: probably written in or to Christian cmty in Rome; possibly Decapolis, Syria or Alexandria? Date: first written "Gospel"; very late 60's or early 70's (Jewish War 66-70) Sub-genre: narrated "good news" (1:1) about Jesus, esp. his powerful actions & his suffering & death Purpose: to encourage Xns undergoing trials & persecutions Mark: Literary Historical Issues

  42. Introduction:  John the Baptist & Jesus  (1:1-15)- incl. the theme of Jesus' preaching (v. 15) Early Ministry:  Jesus heals, preaches, teaches, in Galilee and beyond  (1:16 – 6:6)  Expanded Ministry:  Jesus continues preaching, healing,and encountering opposition  (6:7 – 8:21) Central Section:  Jesus & disciples "On the Way" toJerusalem  (8:22 – 10:52; incl. passion predictions) Final Ministry:  Jesus confronts authorities in Jerusalem;apocalyptic discourse  (11:1 – 13:37) Passion Narrative:  Jesus' Last Supper, arrest, trials,crucifixion, death, burial  (14:1 – 15:47) Conclusion:  women find Jesus' tomb empty  (16:1-8)- vv. 9-20 are not original, but added later Mark: Structure / Outline (HO, p.5)

  43. 1:1 - Introductory Verse 3:19b-21 - Jesus' Family Tries to Restrain Him 4:26-29 - The Parable of the Seed Growing of Itself 7:31-37 - Jesus Heals a Deaf Man in the Decapolis 8:22-26 - Jesus Gives Sight to Blind Man of Bethsaida 14:51-52 - Young Man Flees Naked after Jesus' Arrest [16:14-18] - [The Commissioning of the Eleven] Material ONLY in Mark

  44. Handout, pp. 5-8 http://catholic-resources.org/Bible/Mark-Literary.htm Mark: Literary Themes & Features

  45. Handout, pp. 9-12 http://catholic-resources.org/Bible/Mark-Outlines.htm Mark: Section-by-Section Outlines

  46. Which of the literary features of Mark’s Gospel (HO, pp. 5-8) most surprise or impress you? Table-Group Discussions:

  47. Registration Issues – see Randy Purchase of Textbooks – see Fiona Written Questions – put on Fr. Felix’ desk F O O D ! Back at 1:00 LUNCH Break

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