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MITOSPORIC FUNGI SPECIAL GROUPS

MITOSPORIC FUNGI SPECIAL GROUPS. IB371 - GENERAL MYCOLOGY LECTURE 19 THURSDAY, OCTOBER 30, 2003. Predaceous Hyphomycetes. Usually grouped together as the nematode-trapping fungi, but they may capture a variety of invertebrates, especially protozoans.

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MITOSPORIC FUNGI SPECIAL GROUPS

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  1. MITOSPORIC FUNGISPECIAL GROUPS IB371 - GENERAL MYCOLOGY LECTURE 19 THURSDAY, OCTOBER 30, 2003

  2. Predaceous Hyphomycetes • Usually grouped together as the nematode-trapping fungi, but they may capture a variety of invertebrates, especially protozoans. • Display a variety of morphological adaptations to either capture or attach to their prey.

  3. Predaceous Hyphomycetes • Usually found in the soil, especially associated with organic debris that is also colonized by invertebrates. • Also found in dung, rotting wood, vegetable compost, leaf mold, etc. • Recently, a wood-rotting basidiomycete has been found to be predaceous.

  4. METHODS OF ATTACK • Sticky hyphae • Sticky knobs • Non-constricting rings and nets • Constricting rings • Unusual conidia

  5. STICKY KNOBS

  6. STICKY KNOBS

  7. STICKY KNOBS

  8. ADHESIVE NETS

  9. ADHESIVE NETS

  10. NON-CONSTRICTING RINGS

  11. NON-CONSTRICTING RINGS

  12. NON-CONSTRICTING RINGS

  13. CONSTRICTING RINGS

  14. CONSTRICTING RINGS

  15. CONSTRICTING RINGS

  16. CONSTRICTING RINGS

  17. CONSTRICTING RINGS

  18. CONSTRICTING RINGS

  19. UNUSUAL CONIDIA

  20. UNUSUAL CONIDIA

  21. UNUSUAL CONIDIA

  22. UNUSUAL CONIDIA

  23. AQUATIC HYPHOMYCETES • Found commonly in streams, creeks, rivers and a few species are found in lakes and ponds. • Occur mostly on deciduous leaves and woody debris of riparian tree and shrub species.

  24. C. T. INGOLD

  25. AQUATIC HYPHOMYCETES • Important decomposers of pectin, starches, cellulose & hemicelluloses and lignins • Enrich the plant debris they colonize by increasing the protein content • May attract and serve as a food resource for invertebrates that are unable to digest lignocelluloses

  26. AQUATIC HYPHOMYCETES • Polyphyletic group with representatives in the Basidiomycota and Ascomycota (Discomycetes, Pyrenomycetes, Loculoascomycetes) • Morphologically adapted for dispersal in water and attachment to substrates in flowing water

  27. CONDIAL TYPES

  28. CONDIAL TYPES

  29. WHY WOULD NATURAL SELECTION FAVOR SIGMOIDAL OR BRANCHED CONDIDIA IN FRESHWATER? IN-CLASS ACTIVITY

  30. Riffle area at Steps Bridge, Devon, England

  31. ACCUMULATION OF FOAM

  32. SPORES ADHERING TO AIR BUBBLE

  33. FILIFORM CONIDIA

  34. FILIFORM CONIDIA

  35. TETRARADIATE CONIDIUM

  36. TETRARADIATE CONIDIUM

  37. TETRARADIATE CONIDIUM

  38. TETRARADIATE CONIDIUM

  39. SEM OF SUBMERGED DECOMPOSING LEAF

  40. DECOMPOSING LEAVES

  41. CONIDIA FILTERED FROM STREAM WATER

  42. ENERGY FLOW IN STREAMS

  43. AEROAQUATIC HYPHOS • Found in lentic and lotic habitats • Adapted for habitats with fluctuating water levels and for emergent substrates • Polyphyletic group (Basidiomycetous and Ascomycetous teleomorphs) • Decomposers of submerged substrates • Sporulate when substrates exposed to air

  44. AEROAQUATIC HYPHOS

  45. AEROAQUATIC HYPHOS

  46. AEROAQUATIC HYPHOS

  47. AEROAQUATIC HYPHOS

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