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Building-scale Dispersion Modeling Using Computational Fluid Dynamics - Towards Enhanced Air Quality Assessment

Learn about Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models for building-scale dispersion studies. Discover the importance of CFD models in estimating pollutant concentrations, overcoming regulatory model limitations, and enhancing air quality assessments. Explore the potential of CFD models in simulating complex wind fields and dispersion scenarios near pollution sources. Gain insights on GASFLOW software and future enhancements in dispersion algorithm modeling.

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Building-scale Dispersion Modeling Using Computational Fluid Dynamics - Towards Enhanced Air Quality Assessment

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  1. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling of Building-scale Dispersion Shuming Du September 12, 2002 Air Resources Board California Environmental Protection Agency Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  2. What are CFD Models? • CFD models numerically solve basic equations of fluid dynamics, similar to what MM5 and RAMS do for meso- and regional scales • CFD models focus on detail features in a small scale setting, e.g., flow around individual buildings • A dispersion model can be built into CFD model or stand-alone • stand-alone is used in ozone/PM modeling, i.e., generate flow field first and then use it to drive dispersion model Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  3. Motivation: Why CFD Models? • Sometimes we need to estimate concentrations from sources just across the street • Regulatory models are not capable of simulating the extremely complex wind fields and dispersion of pollutants in these conditions Receptor Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  4. GASFLOW • Many commercial and public-domain models are available, GASFLOW is chosen because: • Available to the public • Can be used in both outdoor and indoor environments • Option to use particle model to calculate dispersion therefore avoiding problems associated with K-theory Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  5. Preliminary Results • Model has not been tested • Some features are not consistent with what we know • Dispersion model is not correct, still needs improvement • The purpose of the following plots is merely to show what a CFD model can do Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  6. Preliminary Results • Two one-story 15 m x 6 m x 5 m buildings, 16 m apart • Two source locations Wind Source 2 Source 1 Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  7. Preliminary Results • Modeling domain: side-view Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  8. Preliminary Results • Modeling domain: top-view Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  9. Preliminary Results • Wind field: side-view Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  10. Preliminary Results • Wind field: side view Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  11. Preliminary Results • Modeling domain: top-view (at z = 25 cm) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  12. Preliminary Results • Modeling domain: top-view (at z = 425 cm) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  13. Preliminary Results • Modeling domain: top-view (at z = 745 cm) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  14. Preliminary Results • Diffusion from source 1 (top view) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  15. Preliminary Results • Diffusion from source 1 (side view) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  16. Preliminary Results • Diffusion from source 1 (angled view) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  17. Preliminary Results • Diffusion from source 2 (top view) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  18. Preliminary Results • Diffusion from source 2 (side view) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  19. Preliminary Results • Diffusion from source 2 (angled view) Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  20. Future Work • Modify the model to address the problems revealed in the preliminary work • Correct the dispersion algorithm to reflect the latest development of Lagrangian particle modeling • Test the model against EPA wind tunnel experiment and real-world data collected at Logan Memorial Junior High School and at CE-CERT, UC Riverside Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

  21. Future Work (continued) • This work may eventually enhance our modeling capability in dealing with dispersion at building scale, for example, estimating concentrations caused by chrome plating facilities in Barrio Logan Working Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote

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