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Air Law Aerodromes

Air Law Aerodromes. Reference. From the Ground Up Chapter 4.1: Aerodromes Pages 89 - 98. Introduction. Aerodromes and their aircraft manoeuvring areas are important to know when operating an aircraft on and around them.

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Air Law Aerodromes

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  1. Air LawAerodromes

  2. Reference From the Ground Up Chapter 4.1: Aerodromes Pages 89 - 98

  3. Introduction • Aerodromes and their aircraft manoeuvring areas are important to know when operating an aircraft on and around them. • It is important to know and understand the use of all markings and lighting when flying and taxiing.

  4. Outline • Definitions • Runway Numbering • Aerodrome Markings • Wind Indicators • Aerodrome Lighting • Radio Terms • Light Signals

  5. Definitions • Aerodrome - Any area of land or water designed for the arrival, departure, movement and servicing of aircraft • Airport - Any aerodrome in which a certificate is in force • Movement Area - Areas used for surface movement of aircraft, including maneuvering areas and aprons • Maneuvering Area - Areas used for taking off, landing and aircraft taxiing, including runways and taxiways • Apron (AKA Ramp) - Area for loading/unloading, refueling, servicing and parking aircraft

  6. Runway Numbering • Runway number: • Magnetic bearing • Round to nearest 10° • Omit last digit • Add L, C or R if more than one parallel runway (left, centre or right) • Example: • Runway pointing 18° = Rwy 02 • Parallel runways pointing 151° = Rwy 15L and Rwy 15R • Other end of runway is reciprocal number (+ or - 18)

  7. Runway Numbering 0° 360° 45° magnetic bearing 23 270° 90° 05 180° 225° magnetic bearing

  8. Runway Numbering 0° 360° 18R 18L 270° 90° 36L 36R 180°

  9. Runway Markings

  10. Runway Markings Runway Centreline White lines in middle of runway 09 Threshold White line across end of runway Displaced Threshold Arrows on pavement before threshold Area not to be used for landing

  11. Taxiway Markings 09 Hold LinesYellow lines across taxiwayAircraft must “hold short” at line unlesscleared to cross Taxiway CenterlineYellow line in middle of taxiwayAircraft centre themselves on line

  12. Unserviceable Areas Aircraft not to use unserviceable areas 09 Large white or yellow “X”s on both endsof and along runway or taxiway Red flags or flashing red lights may mark unserviceableareas that can be passed with caution

  13. Wind Indicators • Wind Sock • Points away from wind • Straight = 15 kts or more • 30° down = 6 kts • Fluctuating = Gusty • Tetrahedron (or Wind T) • Points into wind • Does not show windspeed

  14. Aerodrome Lighting Runway End - Red Runway Edges - White Obstructions/building/towers Steady or flashing red lights or white strobe lights Taxiway Edges - Blue Runway Threshold - Green

  15. Approach Lights

  16. VASIS VASIS = Visual Approach Slope Indicator System Above approach slope Correct approach slope Below approach slope All Red All White

  17. PAPI

  18. PAPI PAPI = Precision Approach Path Indicator High Slightly high Correct approach Slightly low Low All Red All White

  19. Circuit Downwind Leg Enter here Base Leg Crosswind Leg 09 27 Final Leg Crosswind Leg Left turns = Left-hand circuit(default aerodrome circuit) Upwind Side Enter here

  20. Radio Terms

  21. Radio Terms • NORDO (No Radio) • Aircraft not capable of communicating over radio • Either no radio or radio malfunction • RONLY (receive only) • Aircraft can only receive radio, but not transmit • Aircraft may confirm messages through visual signals (such as rocking wings)

  22. Light Signals

  23. Ground Light Signals • Flashing Green Light Cleared to taxi • Steady Green Light Cleared for take-off • Flashing Red Light Taxi clear of runway in use • Steady Red Light Stop • Flashing White Light Return to starting point on airport • Blinking Runway Lights Vacate runway immediately

  24. Air Light Signals • Steady Green Light Clear to land • Steady Red Light Do not land, continue in circuit(or Red Flare) • Flashing Green Light Return for landing • Alternating Red and Danger, be on alertGreen Light (US) • Flashing Red Light Airport unsafe, do not land • Red Pyrotechnical Light Do not land for the time being

  25. Next Lesson 3.2 – Air Law Airspace From the Ground Up Chapter 4.2: The Canadian Airspace System Pages 98 - 105

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