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URINARY/EXCRETORY SYSTEM

Chapter 20. URINARY/EXCRETORY SYSTEM. URINARY SYSTEM. URINARY SYSTEM. The urinary system consists of: Two kidneys Two ureters Bladder Urethra. FUNCTIONS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM. Excretion Aid in maintaining acid-base balance Secretion of waste in urine Elimination of urine from bladder.

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URINARY/EXCRETORY SYSTEM

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  1. Chapter 20 URINARY/EXCRETORY SYSTEM

  2. URINARY SYSTEM © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

  3. URINARY SYSTEM • The urinary system consists of: • Two kidneys • Two ureters • Bladder • Urethra © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

  4. FUNCTIONS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM • Excretion • Aid in maintaining acid-base balance • Secretion of waste in urine • Elimination of urine from bladder © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

  5. KIDNEYS © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

  6. KIDNEYS • The kidneys have the potential to work harder than they actually do in case one kidney should fail, the other would be able to take over full capacity • The kidney is divided into 2 layers • Cortex - outer, granular layer • Medulla - inner, striated layer © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

  7. NEPHRON • The nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney • Each kidney has more than one million nephrons © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

  8. URINE FORMATION IN THE NEPHRON • 3 processes of urine formation • Filtration by the glomerulus • Reabsorption within the renal tubules • Secretion by the tubular cells • Urinary output is between 1,000 and 2,000 ml/24 hours © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

  9. URETERS • There are two ureters (one per kidney) that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

  10. URINARY BLADDER • The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular organ made of elastic fibers and involuntary muscle • The urinary bladder stores urine until about 1 pint (500ml) is accumulated © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

  11. CONTROL OF URINARY SECRETION • Chemical control • Nervous control © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

  12. Acute kidney failure Chronic renal failure Glomerulonephritis Acute glomerulonephritis Chronic glomerulonephritis Hydronephrosis Pyelonephritis Kidney stones Cystitis Incontinence Neurogenic bladder DISORDERS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

  13. DISORDERS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM • Dialysis is the treatment for kidney failure in which blood is passed through a device in order to remove waste, salt, and excess water from the blood • Hemodialysis dialysis • Peritoneal dialysis © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

  14. DISORDERS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM • Kidney transplants are performed in cases of chronic and debilitating kidney disease and renal failure of both kidneys © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

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