Elements of Poetry

Elements of Poetry http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8ZnUlxPKMs

Theme • Theme is the message about life or human nature that is communicated by a literary work. • Watch/Read “The Tell-Tale Heart” and determine theme: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4s9V8aQu4c

Page 188 Form • The way a poem looks-or its arrangement on the page-is its form • Poets deliberately choose the form they wish their poems to take an may even space the words and letters in a poem to create a special arrangement • Basically, it’s the way the poem looks and can affect the sound by creating a rhythm.

Lines and Stanzas • Poetry is written in lines, which may or may not be sentences. • Sometimes the lines are combined into groups called stanzas. • The number of lines in a poem’s stanzas can be the same or can vary. • While some poems have a formal structure, others are written in a more conversational style called free verse.

“The Fire of Driftwood” Line Stanza By Henry Wadsworth Longfellow We spake of many a vanished scene, Of what we once had thought and said, Of what had been, and might have been, And who was changed, and who was dead; And all that fills the hearts of friends, When first they feel, with secret pain, Their lives thenceforth have separate ends, And never can be one again.

Speaker The speaker of a poem is the voice that the reader hears relating the ideas or story of the poem

Your Turn • Look at the examples on page 689 and answer the “Close Read” questions in your fresh air.

Sound • Rhyme is the repetition of sounds at the ends of words such as shell and well. • Internal Rhyme is the use of rhyming words within a line. • End Rhyme is the use of rhymes at the end of lines.

Sound (continued) • A poem’s rhythm/beat is the pattern of sound created by stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry. • SCANNING • To mark parts with more emphasis a ( ´ ) is used • To mark parts with less emphasis a ( ˘ ) is used • The pattern of sound that is being repeated is the meter.

Review Scanning “Forward, the Light Brigade! Charge for the guns!” he said: Into the valley of Death Rode the six hundred

Rhyme Scheme/Sound A regular pattern of rhyme.

Sound (continued) The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or lines is repetition. The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or lines is repetition. The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or lines is repetition. The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or lines is repetition. The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or lines is repetition. The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or lines is repetition. The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or lines is repetition.

Sound (continued) Alliteration is the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words. Listen to the repetition of sounds in “then no one knows your name”

Sound Consonance is the repetition of consonant sounds within and at the ends of words

Sound (continued) Onomatopoeia is the use of words whose sounds suggest their meanings, like buzz, pop, and click. Batman fight scene http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k7_7semtxI0 Page 691-Answer “Close Read” in fresh air

Imagery Imagery refers to words and phrases that appeal to the five senses Poets use imagery to create a picture in the reader’s mind or to remind the reader of a familiar sensation

Figurative Language Figurative language conveys a meaning beyond the ordinary, literal meaning Example: “I’m all ears” Literal meaning is that the speaker is made of ears. The figurative meaning is that the speaker is ready to listen.

Figurative Language • Hyperbole-an exaggeration for emphasis or humorous effect • Her once embattled farmers stood And fired the shot hear round the world.

Figurative Language (cont.) When a poet describes an animal or object as if it were human or had human qualities, that is personification. They that had fought so well Came thro’ the jaws of Death, Back from the mouth of Hell, All that was left of them, Left of six hundred. Where’s the personification?

Simile A comparison that uses the word like or as. Example: “His hair is like dry hay” “She walked into my office like a centipede with 98 missing legs”

Metaphor A comparison that does not use like or as. Example: “He was eager to help but his legs were rubber” Page 693-answer “Close Read” in fresh air

Elements of Poetry