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Names and Formulas for Ionic Compounds

Names and Formulas for Ionic Compounds. Types of ions. Monatomic ion ion with one atom Mg 2+ magnesium ion Cl - chloride ion Polyatomic ion ion with more than one atom NH 4 + ammonium NO 3 - nitrate. Naming Ca ” t ” ions. Monatomic cation name stays the same

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Names and Formulas for Ionic Compounds

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  1. Names and Formulas for Ionic Compounds

  2. Types of ions • Monatomic ion • ion with one atom • Mg2+ magnesium ion • Cl- chloride ion • Polyatomic ion • ion with more than one atom • NH4+ ammonium • NO3- nitrate

  3. Naming Ca”t”ions • Monatomic cation name stays the same • Sodium, Na goes to sodium ion, Na+ • Calcium, Ca goes to calcium ion, Ca2+ • Polyatomic cation - look up in chart • NH4+ammonium

  4. Naming Anions • The name changes in a monatomic anion • The ending for a monatomic anion is ______ide (like a bride changes her last name) • chlorine, Cl goes to chloride ion, Cl- • Fluorine, F goes to fluoride ion, F- • Polyatomic anion look up in chart • OH- hydroxide • SO42- sulfate

  5. Question Time Given the neutral atom, give the charge and name of the monatomic ion that will form. (Look at periodic table group numbers for help.) • Na • Cl • Mg • S • P Na+ sodium cation Cl- chloride anion magnesium cation Mg2+ sulfide anion S2- phosphide anion P3-

  6. Naming ionic compounds • Name the cation first and then the anion second (+ then -) • Example: CsF • Monatomic cations use the element name • Cs+ = cesium ion • Monatomic anions – change the ending to ide • F -=fluoride ion cesium fluoride

  7. Will these form an Ionic Compound? If so what will the formula name be? • Mg Al • Al S • Mg O • Na N • C S No two metals Yes aluminum sulfide Yes magnesium oxide Yes sodium nitride No two non-metals

  8. Formula Unit • NaCl versus Na2Cl2 • Formula Unit—the simplest ratio of ions in an ionic compound • How would you write the formula for Sodium and Nitrogen?

  9. Formula Unit with Polyatomic ions • Sometimes you will need to use more than one polyatomic ion to balance a charge. • If so, you need to put it in parenthesis (like a package) and use a subscript for the multiple number Ex: Mg2+ and NO3- These charges do not balance so we must crisscross them Mg1(NO3)2 (we don’t need the 1) Mg(NO3)2

  10. Transition Metal Ions • Transitions metals will form cations • Some transition metals only have one ionic charge • Silver (Ag+), Cadmium (Cd2+), Zinc (Zn2+) • Some transition metals can take on more than one charge. • Copper (Cu+, Cu2+) • Charge is determined from the number of electrons lost

  11. Naming Transition Metal Ions • If a transition metal has more than one charge, the charge is written as a Roman numeral in parenthesis • Some metals need a middle name • Fe (iron) has more than one charge: 2+ and 3+ • Fe2+ iron(II) • Fe3+ iron(III) • If the transition metal only has one charge, no Roman numeral is needed

  12. Naming Ionic Compounds with Transition Metals Given: Fe2O3 • First find the charges of the ions • Then name the cation followed by the anion • Iorn(III)oxide • Try this one: Fe3P2 • the charge on iron is a 2+ • iron(II) phosphide

  13. Question Time Name the charge on the transition metal: • copper (II) nitrate • gold (I) chromate Name the compound: • FeO • Zn(OH)2 • CoPO4 2+ 1+ iron (II) oxide zinc hydroxide cobalt (III) phosphate

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