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Formulas for ionic compounds

Formulas for ionic compounds. Chemical names. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) names compounds Chemical names always have two parts: one for each type of ion in it. Salt (Sodium Chloride) is made from a positive sodium ion and a negative chlorine ion.

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Formulas for ionic compounds

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  1. Formulas for ionic compounds

  2. Chemical names • The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) names compounds • Chemical names always have two parts: one for each type of ion in it. • Salt (Sodium Chloride) is made from a positive sodium ion and a negative chlorine ion. • The positive metal gets listed first in the name • The negative non metal ion has its ending changed to “ide” (chlorine become chloride)

  3. How to write Ionic compound names • Name the metal ion • Name the non-metal ion (end in “ide”) • Write the name of the compound Ex: MgBr2 is made from the metal magnesium and the non-metal bromine It gets named magnesium bromide

  4. Chemical formula • The chemical formula of an ionic compound contains symbols to identify each ion • The chemical formula also shows the relative numbers of ions in the compound Ex: sodium chloride NaCl (one Na and one Cl) Ex: calcium flouride CaF2 (one Ca, two F) Ex: aluminium oxide Al2O3 (two Al, three O)

  5. Rules for writing formulas • Positive and negative ions must balance out (be equal in number) • The final formula must equal the smallest whole number ratio (remember math class?) Steps: • Identify the charge of each ion • Determine total charges needed to balance • Note the ratio of positive ot negative ions • Use “subscripts” to write the formula (do not write the # 1)

  6. Example: zinc nitride • Zinc: Zn2+ and Nitride N3- • Zn 2+ : +2, +2, +2 = +6 N3- : -3, -3 = -6 • 3 Zn2+ ions needed for every 2 N3- ions (3:2) • Zn3N2

  7. Now you try with: aluminium chloride • Aluminium is AL3+ chloride is Cl- • Al3+ : +3 = +3 Cl - : -1, -1, -1 = - 3 • 1 Al3+ ions needed for every 3 Cl- ions (1 :3) • AlCl3

  8. Do “Practice Problems” on pg's 86 and 87 Now for some work:

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