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FIRE DRILLS

FIRE DRILLS. David McMahon, RS, MPH Phoenix Area Indian Health Service. Fire Drills - Purpose. Prepare staff for actual events Save lives Reduce panic, makes response a routine matter

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FIRE DRILLS

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  1. FIRE DRILLS David McMahon, RS, MPH Phoenix Area Indian Health Service

  2. Fire Drills - Purpose • Prepare staff for actual events • Save lives • Reduce panic, makes response a routine matter • To test the efficiency, knowledge and response of personnel in implementing the facility fire emergency plan

  3. Fire Drills - Purpose • To exercise the plan • Evaluate, modify plans as needed • Meet accreditation and/or regulatory requirements

  4. Fire Drills - NFPA • “Emergency Egress and relocation drills” • Think about the focus of your drills, why are having them?

  5. Fire Plan Requirements • The administration of every healthcare occupancy shall have, in effect and available to all supervisory personnel, written copies of a planfor the protection of all persons in the event of fire and for their evacuation from the building when necessary • (NFPA 1 - 8-4.2.1.1, LSC 101 - 18, 19-7-1.1 )

  6. Written Fire Plan Components • Use of Alarms • Transmission of alarm to fire department • Containment of smoke and fire • Transfer to areas of refuge • Fire extinguishment • Specific fire response to duties • Preparation of Building for Evacuation

  7. Training (JCAHO 2000 revision) • All personnel are trained in fire response according to the facility fire plan • The effectiveness of this training shall be evaluated at least annually • The training shall include: • General facility protocols • All aspects of response that may be unique to the individual’s duties and work site

  8. RACE • Rescue • Alarm • Contain • Extinguish /Evacuate

  9. Fire Drill - Frequency JCAHO and AAAHC Require : Hospitals and Ambulatory Care facilities • Quarterlyon each shift to familiarize facility personnel with signals and emergency action required under varied conditions

  10. Fire Drill - Frequency JCAHO Requires: Freestanding business occupancies • Annually per shift

  11. Occupancy Definitions • Hospital • Provides medical or other treatment or care of four or more persons • Occupants are mostly incapable of self-preservation due to: • Age, physical or mental disability • Because of security measures not under the occupants’ control

  12. Occupancy Definitions • Ambulatory Care - outpatient services • A building / portion thereof used to provide services or treatment simultaneously to four or more patients • Providing treatment or anesthesia for patients that renders them incapable of taking action for self-preservation under emergency conditions without the assistance of others

  13. Occupancy Definitions • Free-standing Business Occupancy • All others • Not attached to a hospital or ambulatory care facility

  14. Remember This! • These are minimal standards • You can always do more drills if needed

  15. Fire Drills - Patient Transport • Actual patient transfer, transport or building evacuation is not required to be performed during the drills.

  16. Fire Drills - Timing • Drills shall be held at expected and unexpected times • JCAHO now requires that 50% of the annual drills be unannounced (2000) • Under varying conditions to simulate the unusual conditions that can occur in an actual emergency.

  17. Fire Drills - Use of Alarms • NFPA requires activation of alarms for each drill • Exceptions: • When drills are conducted between 9:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m., a coded announcement is permitted to be used instead of audible alarms

  18. Fire Drill Location • Drills should be conducted in different areas of the facility, so that all staff participate and such that various fore exit routes are used in each drill

  19. Fire Drills - Area of Refuge • Not all facility have to evacuate to the outdoors • Hospitals or ambulatory care facilities often can evacuate to areas of refuge inside the building through smoke or fire barriers and compartments

  20. Fire Drills - Area of Refuge • In total evacuation: Drill participants shall relocate to a predetermined location and remain at such location until a recall or dismissal signal is given.

  21. Fire Drill - Evaluation • What is a good drill? • Orderly vs. Speed

  22. Fire Drill - Evaluation • JCAHO EC 2.10 - 2000 revision • All fire drills are critiqued for the purpose of identifying deficiencies and opportunities for improvement.

  23. Fire Drill - Evaluation • Monitor elevations • You can document actual or false alarms as drills, but only 50% of required drills

  24. Patient Safety • Patient education and rights

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