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Adolescents in Difficult Circumstances

Adolescents in Difficult Circumstances. Dr.M.K.C.Nair MD Ph.D, M.Med.Sc., MBA, MA, DCH, FIAP, FIACAM PG Dip in Guidance & Counselling Member, Adol. Working Group, Planning Commission National President, NNF – 2011-12 Chair, IAP Adol Ped Chapter - 2007-09

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Adolescents in Difficult Circumstances

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  1. Adolescents in Difficult Circumstances Dr.M.K.C.Nair MD Ph.D, M.Med.Sc., MBA, MA, DCH, FIAP, FIACAM PG Dip in Guidance & Counselling Member, Adol. Working Group, Planning Commission National President, NNF – 2011-12 Chair, IAP Adol Ped Chapter - 2007-09 National President, IndiaCLEN – 2005 - 07 National President, IAP 2004

  2. UN Convention on Child Rights (0 – 18 years) • Right to survival (basic needs) • Right to development (optimal potential) • Right to protection (safe environment) • Right to education (capacity building) • Right to participation (no discrimination) Rights, Needs, Wants

  3. Need satisfaction – a must Self-actualization  Self-esteem  Love & belonging  Safety needs  Physiological + Sex needs ERG Theory Regression Maslow’s Need Hierarchy

  4. Biological needs

  5. Safety needs

  6. Love and belonging

  7. Self Esteem

  8. School children – Psycho. Problems

  9. M.K.C.Nair S.S.Kamath Care Counselling for all Adols.

  10. Poverty is Real • Trivandrum District Survey • Normal Weight – 51.2% Over weight – 8.6% • Undernourished – 37.6% Obese – 2.6%

  11. School dropouts need spl.attention Depression using BDI Severity M S E School Dropout 20 10 1.7 School Going Girls 13 2.6 0.2 School Going Boys 6.5 1.4 0.2 College Going Girls 10 -- -- - Moderate (21-30) S - Severe (31-40) E- Extreme (> 40) Nair MKC, Mini KP, CDC Data

  12. Bio – Psycho – Social ModelDrugs – Counselling – Support Anil Kumar TV, Nair MKC. Medical College, Trivandrum

  13. Tubo-ovarian abscess PID: COMPLICATIONS Adhesions Pelvic abscess Scarred or blocked fallopian tube / possible infertility Out of school girls vaginal discharge 13%

  14. Child & Parent at same time

  15. Disadvantaged slum children adols.

  16. Adolescents in difficult circumstances Constitute ready reserves for • organized crime • participation in armed conflicts • human and drug trafficking • sexual exploitation

  17. Juvenile Delinquency & Crime – School Recruitment Process!!! • The standards of particular subcultures • Teachings deriving from religious radicalism • The compulsion to use of violence as a means of constructing gender identity. • Aggressive and criminal behaviour is positively portrayed in the media, creating a confused picture of acceptable societal norms

  18. Oppositional Defiant Disorder  Conduct Disorder  Juvenile Delinquency 1.Dissocial 2.Defiant 3. Aggressive

  19. ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE USEyounger ages getting involved

  20. Sexual abuse Self reported sexual abuse among youth (15 – 24 yrs) UNFPA-CDC-DHS-CDC ARSH Study findings (n=4225) Girls = 10.2% Boys = 05.2% Oath “I am the custodian of my mind, body & spirit – I will protect, preserve & enhance it”

  21. Teenage PregnancyRisk factors for pregnancy among unmarried Adols & Young Adults Sheelamoni.A, MKC Nair. Ph.D Thesis, 2008

  22. Sexually Transmitted Infections lead to Infertility Chlamydia Trachomatis

  23. Sexually Transmitted Infections lead to Infertility Genital Herpes

  24. Disabled Adolescent – what all we can do? Adol. with additional needs 4 times more vulnerable to neglect Adol. with behavioural problems 6-7 times more vulnerable to neglect Lack of resources contributing? Loving parents not always competent parents?

  25. Meeting the needs of neglected adolescents & their families: A long term multifaceted approach Concrete resources Social support: Formal and informal networks Cognitive-behavioural interventions: Parenting programmes Interventions focused on individual family members Family-focused home based interventions

  26. Panchayath / Block / District Planning Iterative Loop No.& types of disadvantaged adolescents Causation, risk & associated factors Upscaling programs & community Effectiveness Intervention strategies

  27. Child Development Centre Thanks

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