Anglicky v odborných předmětech "Support of teaching technical subjects in English “

1. Anglicky v odborných předmětech"Support ofteachingtechnicalsubjects in English“ Tutorial: Physics Topic: Accumulator Prepared by: RNDr. Ondřej Jeřábek Projekt Anglicky v odborných předmětech, CZ.1.07/1.3.09/04.0002 je spolufinancován Evropským sociálním fondem a státním rozpočtem České republiky.

2. Accumulator

3. Accumulator General information: • Accumulator is a reservoir of electrical energy • Energy is supplied by car charging system or another power source outside car • Main structural components are positive and negative accumulator plates • Individual accumulator plates of opposite polarity are isolated by separators • Positive and negative accumulator set of plates makes cell with nominal voltage 2V

4. Operationcontrolandmaintenance • Accumulator is very sensitive to maintenance • The result of bad maintenance is capacity decrease and shorter service life • Accumulator suffers mainly from impurities, small amount of electrolyte and inactivity • Accumulator discharges in inactivity, it results in plates´ sulphatization. Accumulator can freeze in winter and it can be damaged or destroyed because of decrease of electrolyte density.

5. Accumulatortypes • Starting accumulators – main purpose is to supply large amount of energy for engine start • Deep-cycle accumulators – used for long time supply of exact electric energy amount • HD accumulators (heavy duty) – for high electric energy consumption and for difficult working conditions e.g. vibrations • Station accumulators – used to power supply of electrical appliances in temporary mode

6. Accumulatorconstruction • Accumulator vessel– Hard rubber • Accumulator cover – it is covered by asphalt at rubber vessels, it is stuck to plastic vessel • Separators – separate electrodes – made of impregnated paper • Electrodes – made of lead alloys, calcium and silver.They are resistant to deep discharge and they have large amount of starting current. • Electrolyte – probably 36% aqueous solution of sulphuric acid

7. Maintenance • Water evaporates gradually of cells • When cell electrolyte level decreases, it is fulfilled by distillate water to specified level • Accumulator surface can not be painted by oil or fat , it can not be cleaned by petrol or paraffin because these liquids dissolve poured materials • Pole connectors are cleaned but they are not canned.

8. Accumulatorcharging • Accumulator which is used to charging must be kept clean • Plugs are unscrewed before charging to let producedgas leaveby charging leave. Electrolyte is refilled to cells with distillate water to specified level. • For example, normal charge current is 8,4 A for discharged accumulator 84 Ah and complete charging takes approximately 18 hours • It is charged to final signs of charging

9. Activity I • Find out accumulator on the internet: • With voltage 6V and 12V • With capacity 60 A.h

10. Activity II • Describe main accumulator components which you found on the Internet

11. Literature • JAN, Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ; ČUPERA, Jiří . Automobily 1. Brno : Avid, 2004. 211 s. • JAN, Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ; ČUPERA, Jiří . Automobily 2. Brno : Avid, 2004. 120 s. • JAN, Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ; ČUPERA, Jiří . Automobily 3. Brno : Avid, 2004. 220 s. • JAN, Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ; ČUPERA, Jiří . Automobily 4. Brno : Avid, 2004. 350 s. Translation: • www.seznam.cz • www.slovnik.cz • JANATA, Petr. Handy slovník technický anglicko-český a česko-anglický. Plzeň: Nakladatelství Fraus, 2000. ISBN 80-7238-075-3 • Lingea LEXIKON 5, Technický slovník anglicko-český a česko-anglický. 2010.