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Sternocleidomastoid. Insertion: mastoid. Action: turns head R or L, shrug shoulders. Origin: sternum and clavicle. Splenius Capitis. Action: extends and rotates cervical spine. Origin: lower ligament nuchae, spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments T1-3.
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Sternocleidomastoid Insertion: mastoid Action: turns head R or L, shrug shoulders Origin: sternum and clavicle
Splenius Capitis Action: extends and rotates cervical spine Origin: lower ligament nuchae, spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments T1-3 Insertion: lateral occiput between superior and inferior nuchal lines
Insertion: clavicle + scapula Origin: occipital + vertebrae Action: upper elevates clavicle; for climbing, elevates scapula Trapezius
Pectoralis Minor Origin: Anterior 3, 4, 5 ribs near the costal cartilages Insertion: Coracoid process of the scapula & medial border of superior surface Action: Protraction, depression, downward rotation of the scapula
Serratus Anterior Action: protraction, upward rotation of the scapula, stabilizes the scapula against the chest wall Insertion: vertebral border of the scapula on the anterior surface Origin: outer surface of the upper 8 ribs
Rhomboids major Insertion: medial border of scapula Origin: spinous processes Action: flexes upper arm/ retracts scapula
Rhomboids Minor Action: flexes upper arm/ retracts scapula Origin: spinous processes Insertion: medial border of scapula
Levator Scapulae Action: elevates/ adducts scapula; tilts glenoid cavity downward when scapula is fixed; flexes neck to the same side Origin: Transverse processes of C1- C4 Medial border of scapula; superior to the spine