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14.2 The Early Battles

14.2 The Early Battles. I. Holding the Line Against Japan. D ays after the attack at Pearl Harbor, the Japanese sent troops into the Philippines 1. U.S. & Filipino forces, commanded by General MacArthur , retreated to the Bataan Peninsula

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14.2 The Early Battles

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  1. 14.2 The Early Battles

  2. I. Holding the Line Against Japan • Days after the attack at Pearl Harbor, the Japanese sent troops into the Philippines 1. U.S. & Filipino forces, commanded by General MacArthur, retreated to the Bataan Peninsula 2. MacArthur fled to Australia, & the troops surrendered in April 1942 U.S. SURRENDERED THE PHILIPPINES AND OVER 70,000 AMERICAN AND FILIPINO SOLDIERSWENTINTO JAPANESE CAPTIVITY WHERE MANY DIED OF MALNUTRITION AND MISTREATMENT.

  3. I. Holding the Line Against Japan… 3. POWs marched 65 miles to the prison camp (Bataan Death March) 4. Troops on the island of Corregidor surrendered in May 1942; Philippines fell to Japan

  4. I. Holding the Line Against Japan… • Wanting to bomb Japan, James Doolittle organized a mission known as the Doolittle Raid 1. Used long-range B-25 bombers that could attack from farther away 2. Risky mission, as they would have to land in China after the attack

  5. I. Holding the Line Against Japan… • First victory against Japan was at the Battle of Coral Sea (May 1942) 1. Stopped the Japanese advance to Australia & kept supply lines open AUSTRALIAN NEWSPAPER HEADLINE

  6. I. Holding the Line Against Japan… • Japan launched an attack against Midway, hoping to capture our base & destroy our naval fleet 1. U.S. victory here marked a turning point, as it stopped the Japanese threat against Hawaii (June 1942) MIDWAY UNDER ATTACK

  7. THE US VICTORY AT MIDWAY WAS A DEVASTATING DEFEAT FOR JAPAN AND A TURNING POINT IN THE PACIFIC WAR. NOW THE UNITED STATES COULD GO ON THE OFFENSIVE WINNING BACK THE ISLANDS CONQUERED BY JAPAN IN THE FIRST SIX MONTHS OF THE WAR. JAPANESE SHIPS SINKING AFTER ATTACKS BY US DIVE BOMBERS

  8. II. Stopping the Germans • Not ready to invade Europe, U.S. & British forces attacked the periphery of the German Empire 1. FDR ordered the invasion of Morocco & Algeria (July 1942)

  9. II. Stopping the Germans… 2. British forces defeated General Rommel & the Germans at the Battle of El Alamein (Nov. 1942) 3. German troops in N. Africa surrendered May 1943 GERMAN GENERAL ROMMEL KNOWN AS THE “DESERT FOX” FOR HIS BRILLIANT LEADERSHIP IN NORTH AFRICA, UNTIL THE BATTLE AT EL ALAMEIN

  10. THE END IN NORTH AFRICA: GERMAN TROOPS SURRENDERING TO ALLIED FORCES FOR THE FIRST TIME “This colossal German surrender has done more for American morale here than anything that could possibly have happened. Winning in battle is like winning at poker or catching lots of fish…. As a result, the hundreds of thousands of Americans in North Africa now are happy men.”-Ernie Pyle, American War Correspondent

  11. II. Stopping the Germans… • Germany thought that if they could capture Stalingrad, they would cut off the Soviets from resources needed to stay in the war 1. Battle of Stalingrad was another turning point in the war; Soviet victory (Feb. 1943) stopped the German advance

  12. STALINGRAD:A CITY IN RUINS

  13. THE END AT STALINGRAD GERMAN PRISONERS, ONLY 5,000 OF THE 250,000 CAPTURED RETURNED AFTER THE WAR

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