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Chemistry 14.2

Chemistry 14.2. The Gas Laws. This hot air balloon was designed to carry a passenger around the world. You will study some laws that will allow you to predict gas behavior under specific conditions, such as in a hot air balloon. Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume.

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Chemistry 14.2

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  1. Chemistry 14.2

  2. The Gas Laws • This hot air balloon was designed to carry a passenger around the world. You will study some laws that will allow you to predict gas behavior under specific conditions, such as in a hot air balloon.

  3. Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume • Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume • How are the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas related?

  4. Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume • If the temperature is constant, as the pressure of a gas increases, the volume decreases.

  5. Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume • Boyle’s law states that for a given mass of gas at constant temperature, the volume of the gas varies inversely with pressure.

  6. Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume

  7. Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume • Simulation 15 • Examine the relationship between gas, volume and pressure.

  8. 14.1

  9. 14.1

  10. 14.1

  11. 14.1

  12. for Sample Problem 14.1 • Problem Solving 14.8 • Solve Problem 8 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

  13. Charles’s Law: Temperature and Volume • Charles’s Law: Temperature and Volume • As the temperature of an enclosed gas increases, the volume increases, if the pressure is constant.

  14. Charles’s Law: Temperature and Volume • As the temperature of the water increases, the volume of the balloon increases.

  15. Charles’s Law: Temperature and Volume • Charles’s law states that the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature if the pressure is kept constant.

  16. Charles’s Law: Temperature and Volume

  17. Charles’s Law: Temperature and Volume • Simulation 16 • Examine the relationship between gas volume and temperature.

  18. 14.2

  19. 14.2

  20. 14.2

  21. 14.2

  22. for Sample Problem 14.2 • Problem Solving 14.10 • Solve Problem 10 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

  23. Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temperature • Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temperature • As the temperature of an enclosed gas increases, the pressure increases, if the volume is constant.

  24. Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temperature • When a gas is heated at constant volume, the pressure increases.

  25. Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temperature • Gay-Lussac’s law states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature if the volume remains constant.

  26. Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temperature • A pressure cooker demonstrates Gay-Lussac’s Law.

  27. Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temperature • Simulation 17 • Examine the relationship between gas pressure and temperature.

  28. 14.3

  29. 14.3

  30. 14.3

  31. 14.3

  32. for Sample Problem 14.3 Problem Solving 14.12 Solve Problem 12 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

  33. The Combined Gas Law • The Combined Gas Law • When is the combined gas law used to solve problems?

  34. The Combined Gas Law • The combined gas law describes the relationship among the pressure, temperature, and volume of an enclosed gas.

  35. The Combined Gas Law • The combined gas law allows you to do calculations for situations in which only the amount of gas is constant.

  36. 14.4

  37. 14.4

  38. 14.4

  39. 14.4

  40. for Sample Problem 14.4 • Problem Solving 14.14 • Solve Problem 14 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

  41. The Combined Gas Law • Weather balloons carry data-gathering instruments high into Earth’s atmosphere. At an altitude of about 27,000 meters, the balloon bursts.

  42. 14.2 Section Quiz. • 14.2.

  43. 14.2 Section Quiz. • 1. If the volume of a gas in a container were reduced to one fifth the original volume at constant temperature, the pressure of the gas in the new volume would be • one and one fifth times the original pressure. • one fifth of the original pressure. • four fifths of the original pressure. • five times the original pressure.

  44. 14.2 Section Quiz. • 2. A balloon appears slightly smaller when it is moved from the mountains to the seashore at constant temperature. The best gas law to explain this observation would be • Gay-Lussacs's Law. • Graham's Law. • Boyle's Law. • Charles's Law.

  45. 14.2 Section Quiz. • 3. At 46°C and 89 kPa pressure, a gas occupies a volume of 0.600 L. How many liters will it occupy at 0°C and 20.8 kPa? • 0.600 L • 2.58 L • 0.140 L • 2.20 L

  46. END OF SHOW

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