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The Shoulder Complex

The Shoulder Complex. Muscles of the AC Joint. Chapter 4. Movements of the Scapula . 1. Elevation 2. Depression 3. Adduction (retraction) 4. Abduction (protraction). 5. Downward rotation 6. Upward rotation. Anterior Muscles. Pectoralis Minor Serratus Anterior. Pectoralis Minor.

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The Shoulder Complex

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  1. The Shoulder Complex

  2. Muscles of the AC Joint Chapter 4

  3. Movements of the Scapula 1. Elevation 2. Depression 3. Adduction (retraction) 4. Abduction (protraction) 5. Downward rotation 6. Upward rotation

  4. Anterior Muscles • Pectoralis Minor • Serratus Anterior

  5. Pectoralis Minor • Origin: Anterior surface of 3, 4, and 5 ribs • Insertion: Coracoid process • Actions: • AC Abduction • Downward rotation • Depression

  6. Serratus Anterior • Origin: Lateral surface of upper 8 ribs • Insertion: Anterior surface of medial border and inferior angle of scapula. • Actions: • AC Abduction • Upward Rotation

  7. Posterior Muscles • Levator Scapluae • Trapezius • Rhomboid

  8. Levator Scapulae • Origin: Transverse processes of the first 4 cervical vertebrae. • Insertion: Superior angle and medial border of the scapula. • Actions: Elevation

  9. Trapezius • Origin: Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of the C7 and all Thorasic vertebrae • Insertion: • 1. Lateral 1/3 of clavicle. • 2. Top of Acromion process. • 3. Upper border of spine of the scapula. • 4. Medial surface of spine of the scapula. • Actions: • Upper – elevation of the scapula • Middle – elevation, upward rotation, & AC adduction • Lower – depression, AC adduction and upward rotation

  10. Upper – elevation • Middle – elevation, upward rotation, & adduction • Lower – depression, adduction and upward rotation

  11. Pull of the lower fibers Movement of scapula

  12. Rhomboid (major and minor) • Origin: Ligamentum nuchea and spinous process of C1-7 and 2-5 T • Insertion: Medial border of the scapula • Actions: • AC Adduction • Downward rotation, • Elevation

  13. Subclavius • Origin: Superior aspect of first rib • Insertion: Inferior aspect at mid-clavicle • Action • Depression • Stabilization

  14. Muscles of the Shoulder Joint Chapter 5

  15. Anterior Shoulder (GH Joint) Muscles • Coracobrachialis • Pectoralis Major • Subscapularis

  16. Coracobrachialis • O: Coracoid process • I: Anteromedial surface of midshaft of humerus • Actions: • Flexion • Adduction of the shoulder • Horizontal Adduction

  17. Pectoralis Major • Origin: • Medial two-thirds of clavicle • Sternum • Insertion: intertubercular groove • Actions • Upper fibers (Clavicular) • Internal rotation • Horizontal Adduction • Flexion • GH Adduction • [Abduction w/ Arm above 90 degrees] • Lower fibers (Sternal) • Internal Rotation • Horizontal adduction • Extension • GH Adduction

  18. Subscapularis • O: Subscapular fossa • I: Lesser tubercle and crest of humerus • Actions: • Internal Rotation • GH Adduction • Extension from flexed position • Stabilization • Anterior Rotator Cuff Muscle.

  19. Superior Shoulder Muscles • Deltoid • Supraspinatus

  20. Deltoid • Origin • Lateral 1/3 of clavicle (Anterior fibers) • Acromion process (Middle fibers) • Spine of scapula (Posterior fibers) • Insertion – deltoid tuberosity • Actions • Anterior – GH Abduction, Flexion, Horizontal adduction, & Internal rotation. • Middle – GH Abduction • Posterior – GH Abduction, Extension, Horizontal abduction, & External rotation

  21. Supraspinatus • O: Supraspinous fossa • I: Greater tubercle • Action: • GH Abduction • Stabilization • Superior Rotator Cuff Muscle.

  22. Inferior Shoulder Muscles • Latissimus Dorsi • Teres Major

  23. Latissimus Dorsi • O: Spinous process of lower 6 thorasic and all lumbar and sacral vertebrae; iliac crest • I: Intertubercular groove • Actions: • Extension • GH Adduction • Horizontal Abduction

  24. Teres Major • O: Inferior angle of scapula • I: Intertubercular groove • Actions: • Extension • GH Adduction • Internal rotation • “Lats little helper”

  25. Posterior Shoulder Muscles • Infraspinatus • Teres Minor

  26. Infraspinatus • O: Infraspinous fossa • I: Greater tubercle • Actions: • External rotation • Horizontal abduction • Extension • Stabilization • Posterior Rotator Cuff Muscle

  27. Teres Minor • O: Upper 2/3 of lateral border of scapula • I: Greater tubercle • Actions: • External rotation • Horizontal abduction • Extension • Stabilization • Posterior Rotator Cuff Muscle

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