A Toilet in Every Home Sanitation Advocacy in Cambodia

1. A Toilet in Every HomeSanitation Advocacy in Cambodia Presented by Deputy Prime Minister and Minister, Ministry of Rural Development Royal Government of Cambodia

2. Contents • 1. General Information about Cambodia • 2. Vision • 2. Where are we now? • 3. Our target • 4. Prognosis for 2015 • 5. The way forward • 6. Institutional progress • 7. What more do we need • 8. Cambodia MDGs to International MDGs

3. General Information about Cambodia • Population: 14.07 million • Land:181,035 Sq,km; 24 provinces, 162 urban areas, 185 districts, 1,621 communes,13,890 villages. • Crude Birth rate: 1.96 % per year. • Under 5 mortality is 83 deaths per 1,000 live births, • 20 % of children under five suffering diarrhea, • Adult literacy rate is 73.6 %, and Youth literacy rate is 83.4 %

4. Our National Vision “Every person in rural communities has sustained access to safe water supply and sanitation services and lives in a hygienic environment by 2025”

5. Our Target “Ladder”

6. Our Target “Ladder”

7. Our Target “Ladder”

8. Our Target “Ladder”

9. The Prognosis for 2015

10. What does it cost to meet targets…?

11. Ability and willingness to pay RESULTS FROM A DEMAND ASSESSMENT IN 41 VILLAGES • Perceived ability to pay for a latrine - 47 % could not afford a US$ 20 latrine - 64 % could not afford a US$ 40 latrine - 77 % could not afford a US$ 60 latrine • Cost is an obstacle for latrine construction but not the only obstacle • Some poor families managed to build their own toilets and many rich families still do not have toilets • Strong perception of an “ideal latrine” • There are not many low cost options available at the market

12. Institutional Progress

13. The Way Forward: Sanitation Ladder Brick super structure Offset pour flush Lined pit Direct investment by richer villager Concrete slab Basic pit latrine Upgrading with help from contractor CLTS Effort

14. Community Led Total Sanitation • Encouraging initial results • Since early 2006 – 180 villages implemented in 9 provinces and 80 villages reached Open Defecation Free status by Nov 2007 • Proven thatcommunities are willing and able to build toilets • Support the capacity building for National, Sub-national and Local Government to implement • Gain support from various partner agencies • Yet to be promoted towards sustainability • A healthy package including clean toilet, clean hands, clean water, clean food and clean home environment • Strong support and political commitment of the Government at all levels • Involvement of private sector in assuring adequate supply of affordable materials of various options

15. What more do we need: Advocacy • Strategic plan to improve rural sanitation and hygiene : urgently needed • Support from the Ministry of Economy and Finance : crucial • Human resources within the key Government agencies : to be strengthened and supported • Demand for improved sanitation at the community level: to be generated • To date 96 percent of commune budgets dedicated for infrastructure (e.g. roads and bridges) and only 4 percent for gender and social investment • Commitment towards a harmonized approach of strategic plan implementation : to be ensured

16. THE TIME IS NOW " In Cambodia, the lack of Sanitation is one of the factors leading to poverty and hinders the Royal Government's national economic development efforts. We should recognize this is not just a personal and family issue, but it is a community one”. PM's remarks in Cambodia’s First National Forum on Rural Sanitation (Nov. 2007)

17. Prime Minister’s Recommendations • Strengthening Partnership; • Preparing Campaign to promote rural sanitation. Prime Minister decided to take 13th November as Rural Sanitation Day; • Promote affordable low-cost latrine options, and develop technology options based on regional characteristics – dry areas, regularly flooded areas and floating villages; • Support Community initiatives and recognize the family responsibility to behavior change, particularly poor family; • Consistent project implementation on RWSS to be line with National Policy on RWSS and Strategic Plan on Rural Sanitation and Hygiene Improvement; work with other ministries (like finance, planning, education); • Improve rural school sanitation and hygiene practices by scaling up School Sanitation and Hygiene Programs and close collaboration between MRD and Ministry of Education.

18. A national strategy is on its way… • Ministry of Rural Development will take the lead to develop a national sanitation and hygiene strategy in 2008 • To be based on lessons from CLTS and knowledge gained from sector assessments, etc. • In close collaboration with relevant line ministries such as Education, Health, Women’s Affairs, Economy and Finance etc. • In partnership with key Development Partners including UNICEF, DFID, ADB, WSP-World Bank etc. • Will build Government capacity to implement the strategy at national and sub-national level • Will ensure active involvement of the private sector

19. Cambodia MDGs to Global MDGs • We do believe that we are better placed to get back on track towards reaching Cambodia MDGs •  We expect to benefit from the results of EASAN •  We will fully participate in the International Year of • Sanitation 2008 and beyond •  We hope to strengthen partnership with neighbouring countries and Development Partners