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Property I Professor Donald J. Kochan. Class 4. Today’s Readings. Acquisition By Find Pages 97-116 Armory v. Delamirie Hannah v. Peel McAvoy v. Medina Bailments Principal/Agent Issues. Finders Keepers, Losers Weepers?. What is the meaning of possession versus absolute ownership?
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Today’s Readings • Acquisition By Find • Pages 97-116 • Armory v. Delamirie • Hannah v. Peel • McAvoy v. Medina • Bailments • Principal/Agent Issues
Finders Keepers, Losers Weepers? • What is the meaning of possession versus absolute ownership? • What is the difference between lost and abandoned? • What is the priority between a finder and a “true owner”? • Why does possession create “favored” status? • What presumptions should the law recognize for the possessor/occupier? • How do time and improvements and reasonable investment-backed expectations matter?
Armory v. Delamirie • Chimney Sweep/Jewel Case • Finding does not create absolute ownership • Priority against “all but the rightful [true] owner” • Know causes of action – e.g. what is “trover”; what is “replevin”?
Bailments • What is a Bailment? (Did you take my advice to read the footnotes??) • Why is the property “held” not a “find”? Why is the property involved not lost, mislaid, or abandoned? BUT when does it become so characterized? • What is a Bailor, and their rights and responsibilities? • What is a Bailee, and their rights and responsibilities? • Consider examples – coat check, valet, parking garages, lockers, tow trucks, moving companies, etc. • Consider in light of the possession/ownership distinction • See past exam for question on this subject
Hannah v. Peel • The brooch/property requisitioned for the quartering of troops case • Prior Possession Issues – What is necessary to establish the same? • Does prior knowledge of existence matter? • When one acquires real property do they then “possess” and “own” everything attached? • Lost or Not Lost?
McAvoy v. Medina • The Pocket-book/Shopowner case • Who is the finder – who is the possessor – who has priority? Agency issues and attachment and territorial issues • Social Policy protecting true owners – leaving property in place where they might discover it when lost or mislaid • Discoverability – Lost & Found policies
Mislaid, Lost, or Abandoned • Characterization relates to intent of true owners • Protection of true owners dominates formation of laws • Owner relinquishment of rights – by purpose or time (consider also later re adverse possession) • Know that some statutory laws create schemes for conversion of property rights away from true owner to finder • Salvage issues/reward issues
Employer/EmployeePrincipal/Agent Issues • South Staffordshire Water Co. v. Sharman • The “Pool” Boy • Limited Purpose Issues • “Attachment” of chattels to the land • Embedded to the land • Earth to Sky • Duties of Public Officer finders
Acquisition by Find in the Recent News:The Contractor and the Money in the Wall • http://blog.cleveland.com/metro/2008/12/whatever_happened_to_the_fight.html • http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,449114,00.html • http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/27608773/ • http://blog.cleveland.com/metro/2008/02/woman_whose_contractor_found_c.html
Concluding Thoughts • What are the rights of the possessor vis-à-vis the rest of the world? • What are the rights of the true owner? • Given the importance of certainty that stimulates investment and improvement of property, when and how do we decide to give the finder not merely possession but also absolute ownership, if ever?