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Is there a 5th dimension?

In Honor of Richard Tapia. Is there a 5th dimension?. Arlie Petters Duke University. Tapia 70, May 29, 2009 . Einstein 1915: General Relativity. Our universe is 4D: 1 Time + 3D-Space. Space and time are not independent - form a spacetime continuum.

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Is there a 5th dimension?

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  1. In Honor of Richard Tapia Is there a 5th dimension? Arlie Petters Duke University Tapia 70, May 29, 2009

  2. Einstein 1915: General Relativity • Our universe is 4D: 1 Time + 3D-Space • Space and time are not independent • - form a spacetime continuum

  3. Einstein 1915: General Relativity • Massive objects deform spacetime • - causes gravitational lensing

  4. Gravitational Lensing by Star • 1936: Einstein(Science 84, 506) source B A star DOUBLE IMAGES

  5. Courtesy: J. Wambsganss

  6. Gravitational Lensing Assumes thatSpace is 3-Dimensional Einstein made this assumption

  7. Geometry • Cube(3D): 8 vertices, 12 edges, 6 squares • Hypercube(4D): 16 vertices, 32 edges, • 24 squares, 8 cubes HYPERCUBE OUR UNIVERSE CUBE

  8. Geometry

  9. Shadow of Wire Hypercube Detecting Extra-Solar Planets

  10. Projection of Hypercube Grande Ache, Paris Johann Otto von Spreckelsen

  11. Geometry

  12. Salvador Dali Crucifixion(Corpus Hypercubus)

  13. Does space have an Extra Dimension? Braneworld theory says, “Yes!”

  14. What is Braneworld Theory? • String theory • - elementary particles and forces arise from • vibrating strings • Braneworld theory • - our universe floats in a 5D WORLD • 1 Time + 4D-Space!

  15. Braneworld TheoryRandall-Sundrum Formulation • Our universe is a membrane (or brane) in a • 5D World DIRECTION OF 4th DIMENSION OF SPACE BULK (OFF BRANE) OUR UNIVERSE (BRANE) Credits: NYT Science

  16. Braneworld TheoryRandall-Sundrum Formulation • All particles and forces in our universe, except gravity, are stuck on our brane DIRECTION OF 4th DIMENSION OF SPACE WE CANNOT TRAVEL BETWEEN BRANES OUR UNIVERSE (BRANE) Credits: NYT Science

  17. How can we know that there is a 5th dimension? Keeton & Petters (2006) • Find a braneworld black hole

  18. Braneworld Black Holes Versus Regular Black Holes • Mini black holes formed in early universe early universe

  19. Braneworld Black Holes Versus Regular Black Holes • Microscopic black holes in Einstein’s theory • Mass less than asteroid Fizzled out by now asteroid

  20. Braneworld Black Holes Versus Regular Black Holes • Microscopic black holes in braneworld theory • Mass less than asteroid Could exist today asteroid early universe

  21. How to detect a braneworld black hole? Keeton & Petters (2006) • Braneworld black hole’s imprint on light

  22. Wave Nature of Light • 1801: Thomas Young’s double slit experiment

  23. Gravitational Lensing lens plane B observer star source A Einstein: Double Images Interpret as a Young double slit experiment

  24. Double Images as Young Double Slit lens plane Fringe Pattern source

  25. How to detect a braneworld black hole? FringePattern lens plane source braneworld black hole Keeton & Petters (2006)

  26. How to detect a braneworld black hole? Keeton & Petters (2006) • Look for fringe patterns from braneworld black hole lensing Gamma Ray Bursts

  27. Predicted Gamma Ray Fringe Pattern due to a Braneworld Black Hole Keeton & Petters (2006)

  28. FERMI Gamma-Ray Space Telescope

  29. In Honor of Richard Tapia

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