11.1 The Age of Imperialism

1. 11.1 The Age of Imperialism

2. Note Books • From now on we’ll be taking notes, doing assignments, and projects in the notebooks I bought you • You can leave your notebook in the classroom when you don’t have homework in it • You must have your notebook everyday or you will be marked tardy

3. Note Book (NB) • NB p.1 • Write “Table of Contents” on the top line • Number the lines 1-20 • NB p.2 • Write “Table of Contents 2” on the top line • On lines 1 and 2 on p. 1 write “TOC” • Number the pages 1-20 in your note book

4. NB • On line 3 in the TOC write “Timeline” • Copy the timeline on pages 336 and 337 in your Modern World Book • On lines 4 and 5 in the TOC write “11.1 Notes”

5. The Scramble for Africa • In mid-1800s Africa is divided into hundreds of ethnic and linguistic groups • Over 1,000 different languages • In 1880 Europeans controlled only about 10% of Africa (mainly on the coasts)

6. Forces Behind Imperialism • The Industrial Revolution gave Europeans a reason to add lands to their control. • Think of the factors of production (land, labor, capital) • What are some of the reasons for European Imperialism? • Raw Materials • New markets • = improved economies

7. Belief in European Superiority • Colonialism grows out of “national pride” • Viewed size of empire as a measure of greatness • Many Europeans believed they were the “best” people • Racism: the belief that one race is superior to others • This thinking is a result of Social Darwinism • The application of Darwin’s theory of “survival of the fittest” • Used to justify Imperialism

8. How Europeans Imperialized • More advanced technology • Maxim Gun: worlds first automatic machine gun • Steam engines and railroads • 1829, the drug quinine protected Europeans form Malaria • Variety of African cultures and languages made it hard for Africans to unite

9. Do Now What are these two things? The Maxim Gun Steam Engine

10. NB • On line 6 in the TOC write “Imperialism in Africa in 1913” • Trace the map of Africa on page 343 in your book • Color in areas claimed by the French, British, and Germans • What is different about the map of Imperialist claims in 1878?

11. Berlin Conference • Competition over Africa almost led to war in Europe • 14 European countries met at the Berlin Conference in 1884-1885 • No African leaders were invited • By 1914 only Liberia and Ethiopia were free from European control • Europeans would not end up selling a lot of goods to Africa, instead they developed “cash crops”

12. Boer War • British claim land and establish farms in South Africa • British take over Cape Colony • Boers move north to escape British and clash with the Zulus • Boers try to protect claims to minerals and blame British for rebellion • Boers Attack British • British win war • Boers join Union of South Africa under British control

14. What would you do? • Open your book to page 338 • Read, “How would you react to colonizers?”

15. Case Study: Nigeria

16. A New Period of Imperialism • Methods of Management: • Direct Control: • Limited self-rule for local governments • Legislative body includes colonial, local officials • Indirect Control • Paternalism – Europeans provide for local people, but grant no rights • Assimilation – adaptation of local people to ruling culture