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計算機組織 Computer Organization

計算機組織 Computer Organization. Textbook Computer Organization and Design: The Hardware/Software Interface, David A Patterson and John L. Hennessy, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Fourth edition, 2010 References Computer System Organization & Architecture,

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計算機組織 Computer Organization

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  1. 計算機組織Computer Organization • Textbook Computer Organization and Design: The Hardware/Software Interface, David A Patterson and John L. Hennessy, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Fourth edition, 2010 • References • Computer System Organization & Architecture, by William Stalling, Prentice Hall, April/19/2009 8th edition • Computer System Architecture & Organization, by John P. Hayes, McGRAW-HILL International Editions, 1998. • Computer System Organization & Architecture, by John D. Carpinelli, Addison Wesley, 2001.

  2. 修計算機組織有何用途? • 1. 增加各類計算機組織設計知識，包括：Server (Cloud Computing), PC、Notebook、Tablet (Ex: iPad)、Embedded System、PDA 、Smart TV (Ex: iTV) 、Smart Phone (Ex: iPhone) 提升就業競爭力 • 2. 提升VLSI SoC設計視野 • 3. 研究所考試科目 • 4. 其他，例如創意思考練習，設計新的計算機組織，例如：平板電腦

  3. CPU Speed/Core : Thread/CPU Organization System Bus Speed/IO Bus Speed Cache Speed/Cache Size/Cache Organization Main Memory Speed/Memory Size/Memory Organization Disk Speed/Disk Size/Disk Organization Display Interface Speed Network Interface Speed Interface Speed/USB 2.0 or 3.0? User Interface Speed/Touch Panel/Speech Recognition Software performance/Operating System Computer Performance

  4. Design Consideration of Computer Systems • User, Operation, Application, Compatibility • Cost • Performance • Power Consumption/Heat Dissipation • Weight/Size • Technology • Maintenance

  5. Computer Organization • Course Requirements • Two tests (10% & 10%), • Midterm & Final (40% & 40%): Contents, Examples, Exercises • Project: 1. Paper Survey and Report: 5 %, Due date: 2012/06/04 • 2. Design, Implementation Project and Report: (5%~30%), Due date: 2012/06/18 Attending: 5%

  6. Course Path • Introduction to Computer Science, Logic Design • Computer Organization • Computer Architecture • Advanced Computer Architecture • Performance Analysis of Computer Systems

  7. Course highlights Computer Abstractions and Technology Instructions: Language of the Computer Arithmetic for Computers The Processor: Datapath and Control Large and Fast: Exploiting Memory Hierarchy Storage and Other I/O Topics Multicores, Multiprocessors, and Clusters

  8. Computer Organization & Architectures • Computer organization includes issues such as control signals (how the computer is controlled), signaling methods between the units, interfaces between the computer and peripherals, and memory types. • Computer organization encompasses all physical aspects of computer systems.

  9. Computer Organization & Architectures • Computer architecture includes many elements such as instruction sets and formats, operation codes, data types, the number and types of registers, addressing modes, main memory accessmethods, and various I/O mechanisms. • Computer architecture directly affects the logical execution of program.

  10. Computer Organization & Architectures • The distinction between computer organization and computer architecture is not clear-cut. • People in the fields of computer science and computer engineering hold differing opinions as to exactly which concepts pertain to computer organization and which pertain to computer architecture. • In fact, neither computer organization nor computer architecture can stand alone. They are interrelated and interdependent.

  11. Computer Engineering • Computer Engineering: The field of knowledge that includes the design of computer hardware systems. • Computer engineering is offered as a degree in several colleges and universities. • The Computer Engineering program combines the best of electrical engineering and computer science. Students learn the fundamentals of circuits, systems, and software associated with the design of programmable systems as used for general purpose computing, communications, control, or signal processing.

  12. Computer Science • Computer Science: A scientific discipline that focuses on the theoretical aspects of improving computers and computer software.

  13. Core Computer Engineering Courses • CSEE W4119: Computer networks • CSEE W4140: Networking lab • CSEE W4180: Network security • CSEE W4823: Advanced logic design • CSEE W4824: Computer organization and architecture • CSEE W4825: Digital systems design • CSEE W4840: Embedded systems design • CSEE W4861: Computer-aided design of digital systems • CSEE E6180: Modeling and performance evaluation • EECS E6340: Advanced Computer Architecture • COMS E6181: Advanced internet services • COMS W6831: Sequential logic circuits* • COMS W6832: Topics in logic design theory • CSEE W6847: Distributed embedded systems • ELEN E4321: VLSI circuits • ELEN E4332: VLSI design lab* • ELEN E4702: Digital communications • ELEN E4810: Digital signal processing • ELEN E4830: Digital image processing • ELEN E4896: Music signal processing • ELEN E6321: Advanced digital electronic circuits • ELEN E6761: Computer communication networks, I • ELEN E6762: Computer communication networks, II* • ELEN E6850: Visual information systems • ELEN E6860: Advanced digital signal processing

  14. What is computer Organization and architecture about? • General purpose computer (Server (Cloud Computing), PC, Notebook, Tablet PC, ...?Digital TV Set (iTV) ,LCD, SoC, OS, Software, User Interface,…) vs. Special Purpose computer (PDA, Smart phone, Digital Camera, Electronic Book and Dictionary, Embedded Information Appliances,… • Chips or SoC ? (Applications, Cost, Size, Performance, Power Consumption,…) • Non-ASIC ( Application-Specific IC) • Sequential and Parallel • ASIC – Parallel dominated • VLSI array architectures • DSP, Image, Network applications,…

  15. Generic computer organization

  16. A Special Computer SystemBlock diagram of the photo-card reader (Special computer organizationEmbedded computer systems)

  17. A Special Computer System:Block Diagram of Digital TV Hardware Speaker Audio Amp 5W TDA8944 Line In Head Phone Audio Sound Processor MSP 3450 G Line Out Multimedia Tuner SIF SIF EEPROM Philips Tuner Module System uC, OSD, Teletext SDA5550M Y/C CVBS CVBS Digital RGB Control SCART Scalar DPS9450A CVBS Video, de-interlacer, PIP VSP9407B LVDS THC63LV RGB, FB DVD / STB 480i analog YCrCb ADC SG9883 digital YCrCb ITUR 656 OSD Digital VGA DC Power

  18. Layer Architecture of Digital TV Software Applications Layer 5 API Layer 4 Driver Functions Layer 3 Register Transfer Layer 2 I2cBus Layer 1 Hardware (IC)

  19. Office Hours: • Mon. 10:00~12:00 • Tue. 10:00~12:00 • Wed. 10:00~12:00 • Sat. 15:30~17:30 or appointment by e-mail: bai@ee.fju.edu.tw • Office: SF719

  20. The Main Stream of Electronic and Computer Industries (2010~2015) • Digital Contents (Database, Multimedia Data Base, Cloud Computing, Virtual PC, Thin Client PC, Tablet PC, Smart Phone,…)Broadband Networks  • Digital TVSets (Notebook and TV) Smart TV (iTV) 3D Digital TV ??? • Information Applications: TV Applications, Games, Telephone, Internet, Web-Services, E-mail, Banking, E-Commerces, Facebook… • Notebook and Digital TV sets (iTV) include Software, OS, CPU, DSP Processor, Memory, I/O, LCD, SoC (VLSI), Touch Panel, 3D User Interfaces,… • Others,…

  21. Project Topics • Notebooks • Web Servers, Cloud Computing,Streaming Media Servers,… • PDA & Celluar Phone, Mobile Computing,… • LCD TV, Digital TV, Smart TV, iTV… • Digital Still Camera, MP 3 Player… • Information Home Appliances Embedded Microcomputers,… • RISC CPU Design Variable-Clock-Rate Microcomputer Design , or DSP instruction set design • Design and Implementation of an Embedded Remote Electrocardiogram System Multiplexed or Noise Reduction (CPU, DSP Processors, I/O, …) • Design and Implementation of a Remote Electronic Experiment System Integration Designof H/W and S/W • Others

  22. Project • Four-week meeting • The first report (2012/03/13) • The second report (2012/04/03) • The third report (2012/05/15) • The fourth report (2012/06/18)

  23. 研究資料收集和閱讀 • IEEE論文資料庫: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/dynhome.jsp • http://etds.ncl.edu.tw/ • www.google.com • www.yahoo.com • www.amazon.com

  24. 研究資料收集和閱讀 • www.lib.ntu.edu.tw • www.lib.nthu.edu.tw • www.lib.nctu.edu.tw • www.lib.fju.edu.tw • www.ibm.com • www.intel.com • www.microsoft.com

  25. 計算機組織PowerPoint和研究資料收集 • 電機系計算機系統實驗室網頁http://cs.ee.fju.edu.tw/

  26. 電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和專題生參加計算機系統設計競賽電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和專題生參加計算機系統設計競賽 • 全國微電腦應用系統設計製作競賽 96學年度 題目：嵌入式任意波形產生器之觸控操作 介面設計與建構 獲得研究所組第二名(第一名從缺) 隊員姓名：林新恩、鄧涵、趙偉淳 97學年度 參賽：努力獎

  27. 電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和專題生參加計算機系統設計競賽電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和專題生參加計算機系統設計競賽 • 全國微電腦應用系統設計製作競賽 98學年度 題目：嵌入式人體呼吸偵測系統設計與建構。 獲得研究所組佳作，獲頒教育部獎狀。 2009/10/17 隊員姓名：李文太、李宗翰、謝子立

  28. 電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和專題生參加計算機系統設計競賽電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和專題生參加計算機系統設計競賽 • 全國嵌入式軟體設計競賽 95學年度 題目：具備視訊串流及監控功能的嵌入式系統 進入決賽(60隊/200隊) 隊長: 徐瑞伯 隊員: 鄧涵 林新恩

  29. 電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和專題生參加計算機系統設計競賽電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和專題生參加計算機系統設計競賽 • 全國嵌入式軟體設計競賽 96學年度 題目：嵌入式電子量測系統之觸控操作介面設計與建構。本隊獲得佳作和產學應用獎，獲頒教育部獎狀。2008/07/09(20隊/200隊) 隊長: 林新恩 隊員: 鄧涵 古義德 趙偉淳

  30. 電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和專題生參加計算機系統設計競賽電子系計算機系統實驗室研究生和專題生參加計算機系統設計競賽 • 參加「第八屆旺宏金矽獎」，題目：嵌入式熱感串流影像擷取系統之性能提升。本隊獲得應用組「優勝獎」，獲頒獎金和獎狀。2008/07/29 隊長: 鄧涵 隊員: 林新恩 古義德 沈理斯

  31. 為什麼需要選修專題實驗? • 選修專題實驗增進電子資訊實驗能力提升就業競爭力 • 選修專題實驗增進研究所階段研究能力基礎豐富研究所階段研究成果提升就業競爭力 • 選修專題實驗是有趣的事，可以實現自己想做研究實驗 • 選修專題實驗增加團隊合作研發練習機會

  32. 計算計系統實驗室-專題實驗 • 如果你還沒有選修專題實驗，歡迎再加選計算計系統實驗室-專題實驗 • 加選步驟: 1. 討論題目 (地點：SF 719) Mon. 10:00~12:00 Tue. 16:30~18:00 Wed. 10:00~12:00 2. 考慮決定後填選和簽定專題實驗單 學校加選程序

  33. 2011 年全球行動電腦(平板電腦、筆記型電腦、小筆電)出貨量為 2 億 7690 萬台，年成長率達到 27% • 根據預估， 2011 年全球行動電腦出貨量為 2 億 7690 萬台，年成長率達到 27% 。其中，筆記型電腦出貨量將可達 1 億 8800 萬台，年成長率為 13%，而平板電腦出貨量將可達 6400 萬台，年成長率達 213%。至於，迷你筆記型電腦或稱為小筆電，年成長率呈現衰退 20.9% ，出貨量剩下 2480 萬台。

  34. 預估至 2017 年行動電腦(平板電腦 Tablet、筆記型電腦 Notebook、小筆電 Netbook)將可接近 8 億台 • 全球平板電腦出貨量於 2010 年時只有 2 千多萬台，可是到了 2017 年將預估可達到 3 億 6 700 萬台，佔所有行動電腦出貨量的 46% 。 • 預估至 2017 年行動電腦(平板電腦、筆記型電腦、小筆電)將可接近 8 億台的水準，也就是說，每一年行動電腦都是以兩位數字的成長率進行往前衝。

  35. 共勉的話 • 努力的學習態度決定專業的成就高度 • 練習創意思考、提升專業設計能力、語文能力、管理溝通能力、 • 請修課同學務必多次閱讀課本和做課本習題 (請每週使用6~9小時閱讀 計算機組織)

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