Andrew Hewitt, PhD Lincoln Ventures, New Zealand/ The University of Queensland, Australia

1. CART: A Web-Based GIS System for Decision Support and Management of Pesticide Application in New Zealand Andrew Hewitt, PhD Lincoln Ventures, New Zealand/ The University of Queensland, Australia Lake Tahoe, CA

2. Spray Drift Management • EPA recent PR notice on spray drift • APVMA (Australia) will soon revise its spray drift management policies • ERMA (New Zealand) reviewing spray drift management • EU increasing restrictions on product use

3. Droplet v Vapor Drift • Increasing attention to post-deposition volatilisation of pesticides • SAP at EPA on vapor drift including review of CARB, PANNA and other databases as well as modeling approaches • Data and models for spray and vapor drift go hand in hand for decision-making, risk assessment and management approaches

4. CART“Cumulative AgrichemicalResidue Tracking” A web-based system to bring together databases and models within a GIS framework to assess potential hazard from spray drift for spray operation planning and recording

5. Integrating • Data (neighbouring land uses, sensitive areas, agrichemical toxicity, weather, sprayer type, application practice, presence of shelterbelts). • Mathematical models (droplet transport, deposition, retention, dissipation) • To • Provide users with best available information specific to the site to manage spray drift hazard at the time of spraying • Demonstrate good agricultural practice (Market Access) • Facilitate regulatory compliance

6. CART is accessed via a web interface

7. User enters target crop parameters

8. User describes sprayer technology used

9. User describes sprayer technology used

10. User enters details of tank mix

11. User enters wind and other weather data

12. Deposition Modeling

13. CART predicts map of deposits

14. Deposition compared with hazard thresholds

15. Chemical Deposition TUAPIRO ROAD D A GIS-based tool for regional analysis currently under development O R O GridLoc R I P A U Points : CurrentAmount T < 0 . 001 0 . 001 ... 0 . 5 0 . 5 ... 1 1 ... 2 2 ... 4 > 4 Shelter Lines B D A M A R T R A 3484 Y R O A C D A 6356 6227 A E Contact B C Packhouse KAURI POINT ROAD D Gracewood 0 > 100 m K Printed : 30 / 11 / 2007 ( c ) Lincoln Ventrues Ltd , 2007 A U R I P O I N T R O A D D K A A O R U R T I N I P O

16. Ongoing/ Future Work • Maintain databases as “evergreen” • Add real-time weather input options • Adapt into additional decision-support tools, e.g. for real-time drift management • Develop new drift models for ground-based applications – current row crop models are limited mostly to field study curve fits (e.g. AgDRIFT Ground models), and fully-predictive tree/ vine crop models don’t exist (and current 2,4-D drift concerns in Australia are now mostly from ground-based applications, not aerial spraying)

17. Ongoing/ Future Work

18. Future Work • Work with US experts such as Ken Giles and Russ Stocker on development of DRT and other drift management tools to add to the options within CART • Work with Dan Martin, Clint Hoffmann and others at USDA-ARS on field studies into spray drift management • Jointly we can achieve more in research that helps all stakeholders without redoing same work

19. Future Work • Research and modeling of vapor drift • Research into canopy deposition optimisation • Collaboration with others interested in application technology, drift management and modeling

20. Summary • CART is a planning and recording tool • Integrates relevant site specific data and predictive models with databases on toxicity and chemical properties • Requires additional work for ground-applied sprays, droplet size calculators and drift reduction technologies

21. Acknowledgements Rob Connell, Elizabeth Post, others at LVL Jerzy Zabkiewicz, Plant Protection Chemistry NZ, Rotorua John Maber Sustainable Farming Fund Foundation for Research Science and Technology