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Mixtures!

Mixtures!. Q: What is the chemical formula for the molecules in candy? A: Carbon-Holmium-Cobalt-Lanthanum-Tellurium or CHoCoLaTe. Chapter 9.3 Part 2. Key concepts:. Analyze a solution in terms of its solute and solvent Explain how concentration affects a solution

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Mixtures!

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  1. Mixtures! Q: What is the chemical formula for the molecules in candy? A: Carbon-Holmium-Cobalt-Lanthanum-Tellurium or CHoCoLaTe Chapter 9.3 Part 2

  2. Key concepts: • Analyze a solution in terms of its solute and solvent • Explain how concentration affects a solution • Describe the particles in a suspension • Explain how a colloid differs from a solution and a suspension.

  3. Key Vocabulary: • Mixture • Concentration • Solubility • Suspension • Colloid • Solvent • Solute • Solution

  4. Review of Mixtures: What does pure mean? How is this different from an compound? What are some examples of chemical and physical changes? • A mixtureis a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined. • How are mixtures different from compounds? • They form a mixture when they don’t chemically react like a compound • Think about trial mix or a pizza… • Can you taste the tomato pasta? Meat?

  5. New Terms for You! • Homogenous mixtures • Heterogeneous mixtures

  6. Heterogeneous Mixture: • Heterogeneous mixtures are those where the substances are not distributed evenly. They usually involve a mixture of a solid in a solid. A mixture of stones in soil is an example of a heterogeneous mixture.

  7. Homogenous Mixture: • Homogeneous mixtures are those where the materials are evenly distributed throughout. Homogenized milk is an example.

  8. Solutions: This is IMPURE! How is this different from an compound? What are some examples of dissolving? Is it chemical or physical? • A solution is a mixture that appears to be a single substance. • Composed of particles of two or more substances that are mixed EVENLY among each other. • Dissolving: • Process in which particles of a substance separate and spread evenly throughout a mixture

  9. Solutions: This is IMPURE! What are some examples of dissolving? Is it chemical or physical? • Composed of 2 things: • Solute: substance that is dissolved • Found in the lesser amount • Salt in water • Can be soluble • Able to dissolve • Can be insoluble • Unable to dissolve • Solvent: substance in which the solute is dissolved

  10. Examples of Solutions: This is IMPURE! Table 2: page 245 READ THIS! Is it chemical or physical? • Solutions can be liquids or gases • Salt water • Sugar water • Solids in solids (stainless steel) • If you look at the side of a quarter, oxygen and other gases in nitrogen. Many familiar metals you can see layers of different metals. Is the coin a solid solution? Explain. • Atmosphere: • 78% nitrogen • 21% oxygen • And other gases • Think of any?

  11. Solubility: This is when the sugar can’t always be dissolved Hot water dissolves more solute than cold water Are gases more soluble at high or low temperatures? • Solubility: • The ability of the solute to dissolve in a solvent at a certain temperature • Most solids are more soluble in liquids at high temps, but gases are less soluble in high temps (think hot coke)

  12. Graph: What is the solubility of sodium chlorate at 60°C?

  13. Speeding up the dissolving process: Page 247 Hot water dissolves more solute than cold water To speed up how fast solids will dissolve in liquids, you can: • Mixing • Heating • Crushing

  14. Concentration of Solutions: What are some examples that you can think of for this? Sweet vsunsweet tea Try # 1-3 on page 246 • Concentrations: • Dilute: • Less solute in the same amount of solvent • Concentrated: • More solute in the same amount of sovlent Q-tips says, Q: If H-two-O is the formula for water, what is the formula for ice? A: H-two-O-CUBED

  15. Picture:

  16. Particles in Solution Make sure that you know what an alloy is.. Know the differences between solutions and colloids • Solutions: • Particles are so small NEVER settle out due to how small they are

  17. Colloids vs. Suspension: What is a colloid? • Colloid: • A mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out. • Small and mixed well but not as good as solution • Can’t be filtered but scatter light (the particles) • Examples: • Milk, mayo, and deodorant

  18. Colloids vs. Suspension: What is a suspension? This snow globe contains solid par- ticles that will mix with the clear liquid when you shake it up. But the particles will soon fall to the bottom when the globe is at rest. • Suspension: • A mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughout and are heavy enough to settle out. • Scatter and block light • Dirty lake water • Can be filtered • Examples: • Salad dressing, medicines, paint

  19. Review: • What are the solvent and solute in a solution containing 100 grams of ethanol and 3 grams of sucrose? • Suppose you add a cup of sugar to hot water and all of the sugar dissolves. Then the water cools and some of the sugar is seen as a solid on the bottom of the beaker. Explain why this happened.

  20. Homework: • Workbook pages: • Page 124-126: • Use your books as you do • Page 249 #5-11 • Begin studying • Study guide A neutron walks into a restaurant and orders a couple of cokes. As she is about to leave, she asks the waiter how much she owes.  The waiter replies, "For you, No Charge!!!"

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