ENGLISH GRAMMAR

1. ENGLISH GRAMMAR Prepared by: R.Rajendran.M.A.,M.Sc.,M.Ed., Headmaster (IC) K.C.Sankaralinganadarhr.sec.school, Chennai-21.

2. TYPES OF SENTENCES

3. Thoughhe worked hard, he failed in the examination.(Complex) hard , he failed in the examination.(Simple) In spite of his work He worked hardbut he failed in the examination.(Compound)

4. In spite of her illness, she continued the journey.(Simple) Thoughshe was ill, she continued the journey.(Complex) She was ill yet she continued the journey. (Compound)

5. He was young yet he became the president. (Compound) Though he was young, he became the president. (Complex) In spite of his youthfulness, he became the president. (Simple)

6. In spite of darkness, they walked along the sea shore. (Simple) Though it was dark, they walked along the sea shore. (complex) It was darkyet they walked along the sea shore. (compound)

7. Though there was strong wind, the ship sailed into the sea. (complex) In spite of strong wind, the ship sailed into the sea. (simple) There was strong wind yet the ship sailed into the sea. (compound)

8. On finishing the work,he left the office. (simple) whenhe finished the work,he left the office. (complex) He finished the workand he left the office. (compound)

9. whenhe saw the police,he ran away. (complex) On seeing the police,he ran away. (simple) He saw the police and he ran away. (compound)

10. whenshe heard the message,she cried. (complex) On hearing the message,she cried. (simple) She heard the message and shecried. (compound)

11. On seeing the water from the hole, at first Pieter thought of running home (simple) When Pietersaw the water from the hole, at first he thought of running home (complex) Pietersaw the water from the hole and at first he thought of running home (compound)

12. I saw my teacher and I saluted him. (compound) When I saw my teacher,I saluted him. (complex) On seeing my teacher,I saluted him. (simple)

13. The weather turns cold and some birds fly away. (compound) When the weather turns cold, some birds fly away. (complex) On turning the weather cold, some birds fly away. (simple)

14. Being poor, he could not buy a car. (simple) As hewas poor, he could not buy a car. (complex) He was poor and so he could not buy a car. (compound)

15. As shewas ill, he could not attend the class. (complex) She was ill and so she could not attend the class. (compound) Being ill, she could not attend the class. (simple)

16. He was stout and so he could not run fast. (compound) As he was stout, he could not run fast. (complex) Being stout, he could not run fast. (simple)

17. As they played well, they the match. • Since you are rich, you are helping the poor. • Teaching them well, he produced 100% result. • Swimming fast, Rani won the first prize. • Practicing well, Ravi has become an expert. • As he was hungry, he ate the dishes fast.

18. He is too weak to fight with you. (simple) He is so weak that he can not fight with you. (complex) He is very weak and so he can not fight with you. (compound)

19. The box is too heavy for himto lift it. (simple) The box is so heavy thathe can not lift it. (complex) The box is very heavy and sohe can not lift it. (compound)

20. The problem is very difficult and sohe can not solve it. (compound) The problem is so difficult thathe can not solve it. (complex) The problem is too difficult for himto solve it. (simple)

21. Mala is so nervous thatshe can not speak on the stage. (complex) Mala is very nervous and soshe can not speak on the stage. (compound) Mala is too nervous to speak on the stage. (simple)

22. She is too poor to join the school. • Geetha is too dull to pass the test. • This table is very big and so it does not enter the door. • The mountain is so steep that we can not climb easily. • You are so short that you can not get the selection. • The hen is very fat and so it can not fly long.

23. In the event ofworking hard, you will pass. (simple) If you work hard, you will pass. (complex) You must work hard and then only you will pass. (compound)

24. In the event ofrunning fast, Ravi may get the first prize. (simple) If Ravi runs fast, he may get the first prize. (complex) Ravi mustrun fast,and then only he may get the first prize. (compound)

25. If the lawyer argues skillfully, he can defeat the opponent. (complex) The lawyer must argue skillfully and then only he can defeat the opponent. (compound) In the event of the lawyer’s skillful argument, he can defeat the opponent. (simple)

26. Study hard and you will get scholarship. (compound) If you Study hard, you will get scholarship. (complex) In the event of Studying hard, you will get scholarship. (simple)

27. As soon as the teacher entered the class,the students became silent. (complex) The teacher entered the classand at oncethe students became silent. (compound) The teacher entering the classthe students became silent. (simple)

28. The boy saw the cobraand at oncehe ran away. (compound) On seeing the cobrathe boy ran away. (simple) As soon as the boy saw the cobra, he ran away. (complex)

29. Unless you visit a zoo, you can not see a tiger. (complex) You visit a zoo or you can not see a tiger. (compound) With outvisiting a zoo, you can not see a tiger. (simple)

30. Change in to other sentences. • Sitting by the window she watched the T.V. • My brother is very weak and so he can not walk fast. • Unless you try you can not pass. • On account of rain the match was cancelled. • Entering in to bus, he got the ticket.

31. When I was traveling in a bus, I met my old friend. • Though Nalini is poor, she is happy. • He is so weak that he can not walk. • On seeing the thief the dog started barking. • Being ill, he is absent today. • He was tired of playing and so he sat down to rest.

32. Change into simple sentences. He was bored and fell asleep Being bored, he fell asleep He was ill, but still he attended classes Being ill, he attended classes He opened the door and went in Opening the door he went in I don’t know what I should do I don’t know what to do After he had taken his books, he left the school After taking his book, he left the school

33. Change into simple sentences. This is not the way in which it should be done This is not the way of doing it He got up and walked away Getting up, he walked away Find out where he lives Find out his living place He was very weak and so he can not walk He is too weak to walk After I had said my prayer, I went to bed After saying my prayer I went to bed

34. Change into complex sentence. He liked my suggestion. He liked what I suggested. Find out his residence. Find out where he lives. My cousin, a journalist writes this article. My cousin who is a journalist writes this article. He follows his father’s example. He follows that his father is as a example. He was too weak to walk. He was so weak that he can not walk.

35. Change into complex sentence. On seeing the police he ran away. When he saw the police he ran away. Follow me or you will lose your way. Unless you follow me you will lose your way. The crow stole the cake and flew away. When the crow stole the cake it flew away. Do this or you will be punished. Unless you do this you will be punished. He put on his hat and went out side. As soon as he put his hat he went out side.

36. THE END