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The Valley of Oaxaca. ANTH 221: Peoples and Cultures of Mexico Kimberly Martin, Ph.D. Oaxaca Three Valleys Configuration. PreClassic 2500 – 200 BCE. PreClassic 2500-200 BCE San Jose El Mogote Monte Alban Dainzu Mitla. San Jose El Mogote. 1500 – 500 BCE
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The Valley of Oaxaca ANTH 221: Peoples and Cultures of Mexico Kimberly Martin, Ph.D.
PreClassic 2500 – 200 BCE • PreClassic 2500-200 BCE • San Jose El Mogote • Monte Alban • Dainzu • Mitla
San Jose El Mogote • 1500 – 500 BCE • Oldest permanent agricultural village in Oaxaca • Largest and probably most powerful village in the Valleys of Oaxaca for 1000 years • Population of about 1000 at its peak • Earliest pottery in the area • Adobe, then stone construction • Defensive walls • Ceremonial buildings (1300BCE) • Terracing • Irrigation • Hierglyphic writing • Craft Specialization
Monte Alban • Probably Zapotec indigenous population • Preclassic • Monte Alban I 500-200 BCE • Building of the Danzantes • Classic • Monte Alban II & III 200BCE – 800 CE • Postclassic • Monte Alban IV & V 900 CE – 1519 CE • Dainzu • Mitla
Monte Alban I Monte Alban North Plaza and Pyramid
Mitla • Mixtec and Zapotec influences • One of several powerful “city states” in the region. • Mosiac stone work instead of carvings