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IRISH ANCESTRY RESEARCH CENTRE

The Irish people listed in Griffiths Valuation of Ireland, Prison Records and old newspaper sources. IRISH ANCESTRY RESEARCH CENTRE. Aims of Presentation. Summarise Griffiths Valuation of Ireland Analyse Irish Prison Records 1790 – 1920 Describe CWGC and War Graves Photographic Project

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IRISH ANCESTRY RESEARCH CENTRE

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  1. The Irish people listed in Griffiths Valuation of Ireland, Prison Records and old newspaper sources IRISH ANCESTRY RESEARCH CENTRE Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  2. Aims of Presentation • Summarise Griffiths Valuation of Ireland • Analyse Irish Prison Records 1790 – 1920 • Describe CWGC and War Graves Photographic Project • Explore various newspaper resources • Demonstrate UL Database resources • Provide live demo of Griffiths Valuation, Irish Prison Records, old newspapers Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  3. Background to Griffiths Valuation • Between the 1820’s – 1840’s, a complex reform of local taxation in Ireland took place • 1st steps involved: • To map and fix administrative boundaries through the O.S. (Ordinance Survey) and Boundary Commission (B.C.). • Assess productive capacity of all property in the country in a thorough and uniform way • Richard Griffith  Boundary Commissioner in 1825 and Commissioner of Valuation in 1827 Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  4. Background to Griffiths Valuation • Apart from townland address and householder's name, the particulars given: • name of the person from whom the property was leased ('immediate lesser'); • description of the property; • acreage; • valuation Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  5. Griffiths Valuation of Ireland • Defined simply as…. • ‘primary valuation of Ireland, a property tax survey carried out in the mid nineteenth century under the supervision of Sir. Richard Griffith’ (Grenham, 2012) • What did it involve? • Involved detailing valuation of every piece of agricultural land and built property in Ireland • Documents were published county-by-county between 1847 – 1864 Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  6. Griffiths Valuation of Ireland • What did it involve: • Valuation teams to visit and value the property to analyse: • various factors influencing economic status of the property: • the chemical and geological properties of the land; • average rents paid in the area; • distance from the nearest market town Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  7. Griffiths Valuation of Ireland • Primary Aim: • Get as accurate as possible an estimate of the annual income that each property should produce • A.k.a. the Net Annual Value (in (Eng. Pounds)) £ s d, in the right column of each entry • Used as a basis for local taxation • Continued up to the 1970s Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  8. Griffiths Valuation of Ireland • Authorities decided on a percentage of the Annual Value to be paid per yr  expressed as pennies per pound • E.g. a rate of 3 pennies to the pound ; someone having property valued as £10 would pay 30p or 2/6. • Main person involved in the occupation of the property was responsible for paying this tax • Those with property < £5 were exempt  landlord had to pay Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  9. Griffiths Valuation of Ireland • Consequence: • Many landlords were ‘encouraged’ to get rid of smaller tenants • Rulewas quite prominent during 19th Century when many tenants were evicted • G.V.I.  gives the only detailed guide to where people lived and what property they occupied in Ireland in mid 19th C. (Irish times.com) • Fire of 1922  2 valuations undertaken in 1846 and 1852 are often described as "a census substitute" for the years between the Great Famine and 1864. Not customary census enumeration forms for family members (Reilly, 2003: 1) Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  10. Glossary of terms used in Griffiths Valuation of Ireland • Occupier: • Individual or corporation who owns, leases or rents a tenement, (a.k.a. a holding). Person is financially responsible for taxes levied on the holding • Acreage: • Land was measured in the Valuation by statute acre, rood and perch; • Acre: contained 4,840 square yards regardless of its shape; • Rood; ¼ of an acre of 1,210 square yards; • Perch: 1/40 of a rood containing thirty square yards. Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  11. Glossary of terms used in Griffiths Valuation of Ireland • Lease: • A lease was frequently 21 years (a lease of years) • This length was set by the number of years remaining in the lives of three named individuals (a lease of lives) agreed upon by the landlord and tenant. • The three lives usually included the lessee, the lessee's youngest child and a third person. • The lease remained in force and the rent agreement unchanged until the death of the last named person. Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  12. Locating Irish Prison Records • Two excellent sources / resources: • Prison Register on www.findmypast.ie • Prison Register on www.familysearch.org (Search for Prison records) • One of Irelands greatest untapped resources…. • Originally located National Archives of Ireland… • Provides an insight of Ireland during 18th – 19th century Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  13. History of Irish Prison Records • Records cover…. • Custodial institutions  Bridewells, county prisons, and sanatoriums for alcoholics • 3.5 million records exist over 130,000 pages • Provides a thorough biographical facts like: • name, address, place of birth, occupation, religion, • education, age, physical description, • name and address of next of kin, crime committed, sentence, dates of committal and release date Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  14. History of Irish Prison Records • Registers / Ledgers present evidence of: • Society of rebellion and social confrontation  consisting of rioting and assault of police officers were everyday occurrences, and…. • Widespread poverty and destitution, like theft of handkerchiefs to turnips • Top five offences recorded… • Drunkenness: 25%; Theft: 16%; Assault: 12% • Vagrancy: 8%; Rioting: 4% Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  15. Searching for British soldier records in the UK post-1913 • Looking for soldiers discharged after the start of WW1: • National Archives in the UK have some • Currently held by the Ministry for Defence • Many records have been destroyed • Soldier ranks include: • Private, Lance Corporal, Corporal, Sergeant, and Warrant Officer • http://www.army.mod.uk/structure/23155.aspx Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  16. Searching for British soldier records in the UK post-1913 • Online soldiers records: 1914 – 1920 • Available on www.ancestry.com : service records, pension records and campaign medal cards • Users should be able to locate: • soldiers discharged between 1914 and 1920 • soldiers killed in action between 1914 and 1920 • soldiers who served in the war and died of wounds or disease without being discharged to pension • soldiers who were demobilised at the end of the war Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  17. International War Records • Locating international war records  The Commonwealth War Graves Commission • www.cwgc.org  Excellent website • Honours and remembers over 1700,000 men and women who died during WW1 and WW2 • Registers / Ledgers outline details of the Commonwealth war dead  graves or names on memorials can be located. Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  18. Commonwealth War Graves Commission • Care for cemeteries / memorials in 153 countries • Conservation / reconstruction involves teams from different disciplines: • horticulture, • headstone carving and manufacture, • architectural maintenance teams.  Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  19. The War Graves Photographic Project • Partner group of the CWGC • Volunteers  have recorded, documented and archived photographs of various photographs / images of graves and memorial listings since WW1 • Website Address: http://www.twgpp.org/ Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  20. Other organisations and contacts • http://www.ww1cemeteries.com/ • http://www.southafricawargraves.org/ • http://www.australianwargraves.org/ • http://www.todayisfree.com/ • http://www.wargravephotos.org/ • http://www.fallenheroesphotos.org/ Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  21. Finding old newspaper articles on the internet • Identifying and locating old newspapers, magazines wealth of insight, background information and invaluable clues to family history / local history events and people • Pre-2000: Every historians 2nd home  the library! • Location for various and many old newspaper articles and magazines e.g. Limerick City Library; Cork County Library Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  22. Website Resources: • Google Books could have a digitised version of the magazine / newspaper article that users need • Advantages include: • Magazines are scanned and searchable • Can be read online (archived magazines cover to cover, including original articles, index, cover, and ad’s) • Magazine / Book is laid out as the article appeared in the newspaper / magazine • British Newspaper archive: www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  23. N.B. Cork References • Holly Bough newspaper • http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/irl/COR/#Newspapers • http://www.irelandoldnews.com/ • http://www.irelandoldnews.com/Cork/index.html • http://corkgen.org/publicgenealogy/cork/periodicals/ • http://www.peoplesrepublicofcork.com/forums/showthread.php?t=203204 Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  24. Other Cork References • http://homepage.eircom.net/~hi5holidays/famhist/irelandonline.html • http://www.adverts.ie/other-antiques-collectables/original-old-newspapers-the-cork-examiner/2122101 • http://www.rootsireland.ie/ • http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~irlcor/ (Interesting website) Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  25. Website Resources: • Trove  National Library of Australia has a wealth of archived newspaper articles http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper • Access is free • Can be viewed online • Can be downloaded as a pdf for printing • Library of Congress: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/ • Contains a large repository of historic newspapers published in America between 1880 and 1922 • Available as PDFs Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  26. Locating information from the internet • www.jstor.orgwww.ul.ie/~library/www.findmypast.ie • www.familysearch.orgwww.irish-roots.iewww.irishtimes.com • www.irishgenealogy.ie • http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/ (British newspaper archive to the Freemans Journal) • www.scholar.google.com • Go to Google and type “Cork City and County archives”: • http://www.corkarchives.ie/http://www.corkarchives.ie/collections/ • http://www.corkarchives.ie/genealogy/ • Australian Newspaper archive. http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper • http://www.newstext.com.au/pages/fpw.asp • http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/places/streetandtradedirectories/1881slatersdirectorycorkcityandcounty/1881corkcounty/MallowDoneraileButtevant.pdf Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  27. Tracing your Irish Ancestors • John Grenham is the author of of a number books, including: • Tracing your Irish Ancestors (3rd ed., Dublin, 2006), • Clans and families of Ireland(Dublin, Gill and MacMillan), and Irish Ancestors (Gill & MacMillan, 2004), as well as the • CD-ROM Grenham’s Irish Surnames (Eneclann, 2003) • www.johngrenham.com Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  28. Finding information on a subject / theme / idea • Identify and use specific keywords: • Highlight the keywords / phrases in your topic on a journal article / newspaper / conference • Use mindmapping techniques to brainstorm extra ideas / keywords / phrases • Keep in mind the variations in spelling of words in US English and UK / Ireland English Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  29. Finding information on a subject / theme / idea • Searching for books: • Try and use keyword searches in the library catalogue / google / yahoo / jstor.org for info • Examine the Index of the textbook pertaining to your area of research • If you get a useful book, examine the bibliography to obtain a list of other relevant material • N.B.: Don’t forget to use Google books!!!! Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  30. Finding information on a subject / theme / idea • Searching for journal articles • Again, use keyword searches e.g. on a library database such as jstor.org, ul library catalogue etc • Select most appropriate database relevant to your topic • Vary keywords to locate more articles • Bookmark relevant articles on your browser / library catalogue and print out list Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  31. Finding information on a subject / theme / idea • Looking for websites: • Again, use specifickeyword searches on Google / www.scholar.google.com • Be careful of the information obtained from the web • Ensure all material is from a credible source e.g. .org websites, certain .com / .ie websites • Other databases worth searching: • History: www.jstor.org; Newspaper: The Irish Times Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  32. Finding information on a subject / theme / idea • Searching for information on a search engine / database etc • Using keywords, not sentences: • E.g. horse carriage building • Using the word ANDbetween words • E.g. Dyslexia AND software AND hardware • E.g. Workhouses AND Mallow AND Newmarket • You can also use the plus sign (+) • Workhouses + Mallow Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  33. Finding information on a subject / theme / idea • If you find you have too many results: • Limit your information to title only (in a database / UL library catalogue) • If you find you have too little results: • Use fewer words and the check the spelling of the term Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

  34. References • J.R. Reilly, 2003. ‘Is There More in Griffith's Valuation Than Just Names’, Available for download at: http://www.leitrim-roscommon.com/GRIFFITH/Griffiths.PDF • Website, www.askaboutireland.com • Website, www.cwgc.org, (Common Wealth War Graves Commission website) • Website, http://www.twgpp.org/, (The War Graves Photographic Project) • John Grenham, 2012. ‘What is Griffiths Valuation’. http://www.askaboutireland.ie/reading-room/history-heritage/irish-genealogy/what-is-griffiths-valuati/ Irish Ancestry Research Centre -

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