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Prophet, Priest, King: People of Advent

Prophet, Priest, King: People of Advent. Norman R. Guivens, Jr. ’ 79 Presentation to Tech Catholic Community ’ s “ TCC Monday Night ” 21 November 2011. “ Let us, then, go beyond the initial teachings about Christ and advance to maturity… ” – Hebrews 5:1.

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Prophet, Priest, King: People of Advent

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  1. Prophet, Priest, King: People of Advent Norman R. Guivens, Jr. ’79 Presentation to Tech Catholic Community’s “TCC Monday Night” 21 November 2011

  2. “Let us, then, go beyond the initial teachings aboutChrist and advance to maturity…” – Hebrews 5:1. “Upon all the laity, therefore, rests the noble duty of working toextend the divine plan of salvation to all men of each epochand in every land. Consequently, may every opportunity begiven them so that, according to their abilities and the needsof the times, they may zealously participate in the savingwork of the Church.” – Second Vatican Council, dogmaticconstitution Lumen gentium, No. 53. Motivation for Topic

  3. Outline of Presentation • Legacies of Faith in Old Testament • Abraham, Moses, and Solomon • Relationship to Christian faith • Season of Advent • Spiritual focus • Liturgical celebration • Significant figures • Major themes • Christian Celebration of Christmas • Liturgical celebration • Significant figures • Summary

  4. Legacies of Faith

  5. Abraham Genesis, Ch. 12-25 Moses Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy Solomon I Kings, Ch. 1-12 2 Chronicles, Ch. 1-10 Proverbs Wisdom Song of Songs Abraham “Leave your past and go to the land I will show you” Sacrifice of Isaac Moses “Lead chosen out of Egypt to the land I will show you” Tablets of Law Torah (law of Judaism) Solomon “Because you asked for wisdom, I also will give you great wealth” Built temple on Mt. Zion Significant Figures – Old Testament

  6. Abraham Moses Solomon Manner of Call ? Vocation ? Focus ? Fulfillment ? Danger ? Center of Faith ? Legacies of Faith – Old Testament

  7. Abraham Moses Solomon Manner of Call DirectRevelation ? Vocation New Task orDirection ? Focus Own Weakness,Power of God ? Fulfillment Promised Event (Future) ? Danger Loss of Roots ? Center of Faith Anywhere ? Legacies of Faith – Old Testament

  8. Abraham Moses Solomon Manner of Call DirectRevelation InflexibleCovenant ? Vocation New Task orDirection Observe LawSet in Stone ? Focus Our Weakness,Power of God Grandeur andMystery of God ? Fulfillment Promised Event (Future) Passover Event(Past) ? Danger Loss of Roots Irrelevance ? Center of Faith Anywhere Temple ? Legacies of Faith – Old Testament

  9. Abraham Moses Solomon DirectRevelation Manner of Call InflexibleCovenant DynamicCovenant Vocation New Task orDirection Observe LawSet in Stone Apply Law toNew Situation Our Weakness,Power of God Focus Grandeur andMystery of God Struggle toUnderstand God Promised Event (Future) Fulfillment Passover Event(Past) Current Day(Present) Danger Loss of Roots Irrelevance Human Error Center of Faith Anywhere Temple Synagogue Legacies of Faith – Old Testament

  10. Abraham Moses Solomon Prophetic Type of Faith Priestly Royal (Wisdom) Jews of New Testament Radical Jews John the Baptist Sadducees(Priests, Levites) Pharisees(Rabbis) Underclass Jewish Society Upper Class Middle Class Writers of New Testament Paul, Mark, John Peter, Jude John, James Hebrews Matthew, Luke Role of Minister Guide Priest Teacher Nature of Worship Free,Charismatic Sacrifice,Formal Liturgy None (Focuson Study) Faith in the New Testament

  11. “The Christian faithful are those who, inasmuch as they havebeen incorporated in Christ through baptism, have beenconstituted as the people of God. For this reason, madesharers in their own way in Christ’s priestly, prophetic, androyal function, they are called to exercise the mission whichGod has entrusted to the Church to fulfill in the world, inaccord with the condition proper to each.” – Codex Juris Canonici (Code of Canon Law), Can. 204 §1. Nature of Christian Faith

  12. Some Aspects of Christian Faith • The Coming of Christ to Us – Mystery of Christmas • Priestly (past): birth in Bethlehem • Royal (present): coming into heart of believer (baptism) • Prophetic (future): eschatological return in glory at end of time • Salvation • Priestly (past): have been saved – baptism/paschal event • Royal (present): am being saved – purification; growth in holiness and sanctity guided by Holy Spirit • Prophetic (future): will be saved – promise of eternal life • Spiritual Life • Priestly – liturgical prayer, sacraments • Royal – study of divine revelation, ongoing liturgical evolution • Prophetic – private prayer, religious orders, renewal movements • “Christ has died, Christ is risen, Christ will come again.”

  13. The Advent Season

  14. “Advent has a twofold character as a season to prepare forChristmas when Christ’s first coming to us is remembered;as a season when that remembrance directs the mind andheart to await Christ’s Second Coming at the end of time.Advent is thus a period for devout and joyful expectation.”– General Norms for the Liturgical Year and the Calendar. Spiritual Focus of Advent

  15. Liturgical Season of Advent • Begins with First Vespers of Fourth Sunday Before Christmas • Sunday from 27 November to 03 December inclusive • Ends “Before First Vespers of Christmas” on 24 December • Four Sundays of Advent • Designated by sequential order (first through fourth) • Precedence over all conflicting celebrations (Solemnity of Immaculate Conception transfers to 09 December, but no transfer of obligation, when 08 December falls on Sunday) • Weekdays of Advent through 16 December (“Advent I”) • Designated by day of sequential week of Advent season • Same precedence in calendar as weekdays of ordinary time • Weekdays of Advent 17 – 24 December (“Advent II”) • Lead into Christmas; thus designated by date on calendar • “Privileged season” taking precedence over all memorials

  16. Significant Figures of Advent Season • Isaiah • Prophet of old testament; heavily messianic prophesy • 7 of 12 readings from old testament for Sunday masses (messianic readings from other prophets of old testament for other Sunday masses during Advent) • 14 of 17 readings for weekday masses before 17 December • John the Baptizer • Herald’s voice in desert, fulfilling prophesy of Isaiah (gospel readings for masses of second and third Sundays of Advent) • In Elizabeth’s womb; quickening upon arrival of pregnant Mary at Elizabeth’s home (gospel reading for Fourth Sunday of Advent in Lectionary Year C) • Mary • Pregnant with the Messiah (Fourth Sunday of Advent) • Presence anticipates Christmas

  17. Major Themes of Advent Season • New Beginnings • New liturgical year on First Sunday of Advent • Pregnancy (Mary, Elizabeth) • Waiting – Imminent Event • Threefold coming of Christ • Curious continuity with Solemnity of Christ the King on last Sunday of liturgical year • Fulfillment of Messianic Prophecies • Freedom to captives • Healing of blind, deaf, lame, and mute • Peace (lion lying with lamb, end of war); healing of fear • Leveling of mountains and filling of valleys to prepare a level way • Reconciliation of sin (preaching of John the Baptizer) • Comforting: Light in Darkness, Warmth in Winter

  18. Liturgical Celebration of Advent • Liturgical Color: “Violet” – NOT “Purple” • Admits deep blue shades that many liturgists now recommend to distinguish Advent from Lent (light blue NOT authorized) • Rose optional on Third Sunday of Advent (“Gaudete Sunday”) • Mass • Gloria omitted on Sundays of Advent, but Alleluia retained • Generally eschatological gospel readings at weekday masses up to 16 December and on First Sunday of Advent • John the Baptizer on Second and Third Sundays of Advent • Beginning of Matthew and Luke on weekdays from 17 December to 24 December; Mary “With Child” on Fourth Sunday of Advent • Liturgy of the Hours • Proper texts for entire season • Seven messianic “O Antiphons” for Magnificat at vespers from 17 December to 23 December; used even on Sundays

  19. “O” Antiphons for 17-19 December “O Wisdom, O holy Word of God, you govern all creation with yourstrong yet tender care. Come and show your people the way tosalvation.” (17 December) “O sacred Lord of ancient Israel, who showed yourself to Moses inthe burning bush, who gave him the holy law on Sinai mountain:come stretch out your mighty had to set us free.” (18 December) “O Flower of Jesse’s stem, you have been raised up as a sign forall peoples; kings stand silent in your presence; the nations bow down in worship before you. Come; let nothing keep you fromcoming to our aid.” (19 December)

  20. “O” Antiphons for 20-23 December “O key of David, O royal Power of Israel controlling at your will thegate of Heaven: come, break down the prison walls of death forthose who dwell in darkness and the shadow of death; and leadyour captive people into freedom.” (20 December) “O Radiant Dawn, splendor of eternal light, sun of justice: come,shine on those who dwell in darkness and the shadow of death.”(21 December) “O King of all the nations, the only joy of every human heart; OKeystone of the mighty arch of man, come and save the creatureyou fashioned from the dust.” (22 December) “O Emmanuel, king and lawgiver, desire of the nations, Savior ofall people, come and set us free, Lord our God.” (23 December)

  21. Celebration of Christmas

  22. Liturgical Celebration of Christmas • First Vespers and Vigil Mass of Christmas on 24 December • Proper to Assist in Three Distinct Masses of Christmas Day • Mass at Midnight (often celebrated after dark on 24 December) • Mass at Dawn (often used for early morning masses) • Mass During the Day • Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God on Octave (01 January) • Formerly Feast of Circumcision of the Lord • Days within Octave • Same liturgical precedence as feasts of saints • Split celebration with feasts of saints that fall on these days • Epiphany – 06 January in General Calendar, but Transfers to Sunday after January 1 where Not Holy Day of Obligation • Ends on Baptism of the Lord – Sunday after 06 January, but Transfers to Monday when Impeded by Transfer of Epiphany

  23. Day All Except Vespers Vespers Sunday* Feast of Holy Family 26 December Feast of Saint Stephen Octave of Christmas 27 December Feast of Saint John Octave of Christmas 28 December Feast of Holy Innocents Octave of Christmas 29 December Octave of Christmas 30 December Octave of Christmas Octave of Christmas 31 December * – Celebrated on 30 December, without First Vespers, when noSunday within Octave (Christmas and Octave on Sundays) Days within Octave of Christmas

  24. Faith of the Christmas Season • Joseph (Matthew 1:18-25, 2:13-23) • Revelations from angel who appears in dream; obedient thereto • Mary (Luke 1:26-56, 2:1-7,19-20) • Revelation from angel; accepts God’s plan • Shepherds (Luke 2:9-18) • Revelation from angel who appears at night, with angel choirs praising God; went to see Messiah • Magi/Astrologers (Matthew 2:1-12) • “We have observed his star at its rising and have come to pay him homage.” • Revelation not to return to Herod; returned home by another route • John the Baptizer (Matthew 3:1-17, Mark 1:2-11, Luke 3:1-22, John 1:19-34) • Baptism of Jesus

  25. Conclusion

  26. Summary • Distinct Prophetic, Priestly, and Kingly Paradigms of Faith in Old Testament • Respectively look to future, past, and present • All encompassed in Christian faith • Correspondence to threefold coming of Christ and to other aspects of Christian mystery • Note heavily prophetic component in lives of nearly all canonized saints • Unique Emphasis on Prophetic Component in Advent Season • Forward-looking themes • Prophetic figures foretelling or anticipating future events • Also Heavily Prophetic Element in Christmas Season • Prophetic figures acting on direct revelation

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