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DIABETES AND THE EYE

DIABETES AND THE EYE. EPIDEMIOLOGY. Commonest cause of blindness in the population of working age in developed countries Prevalence of DR of any severity in the diabetic population is 30% and prevalence of blindness due to DR is approximately 5%. PATHOGENESIS. RISK FACTORS. Duration of DM

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DIABETES AND THE EYE

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  1. DIABETES AND THE EYE

  2. EPIDEMIOLOGY • Commonest cause of blindness in the population of working age in developed countries • Prevalence of DR of any severity in the diabetic population is 30% and prevalence of blindness due to DR is approximately 5%

  3. PATHOGENESIS

  4. RISK FACTORS • Duration of DM • Control of DM. Will not prevent but delays • Hypertension • Renal Disease • Pregnancy • Obesity, hyperlipidaemia, smoking, anaemia

  5. CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY • Background • Pre-proliferative • Proliferative • End-stage diabetic eye disease

  6. Background Microaneurism Exudate Blot haemorrhage

  7. Diabetic maculopathy Hard exudate

  8. Pre-proliferative CWS Haemorrhage Vascular tortuosity Microaneurism

  9. Proliferative retinopathy NVD NVE Pre-retinal haemorrhage Laser burn scars

  10. Advanced diabetic eye disease Preretinal fibrosis and tractional retinal detachment Rubeosis iridis

  11. End-stage diabetic eye disease • PHTHISIS Shrunken, soft eye with opaque vascularised cornea and no visual potential

  12. TREATMENT • LASER: Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation • Focal • Grid • Panretinal photocoagulation

  13. SCREENING • No retinopathy or BDR with normal vision • See yearly, or sooner if vision deteriorates • Refer to ophthalmologist • BDR with macular changes • BDR with decrease in vision • Pre-proliferative retinopathy • Proliferative retinopathy

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