What you need to know about Sydney and Mumbai

1. What you need to know about Sydney and Mumbai • Why it has grown: push/pull factors • Ways of life: social, cultural and economic • Current challenges: poverty, housing, infrastructure, waste disposal • Strategies to reduce inequalities: a) in LIC; housing and mass transit schemes b) creating sustainable urban environments

2. 5 a day • What is a resistant rock? • What is mass movement? • What is the name of the erosion where material in the river or sea rubs against each other? • What is a concordant coastline? • Draw a perfect diagram of longshore drift

3. 5 a day • Name the Australian global city we studied • Name the Indian global city we started studying last lesson • What state in India is this global city in? • Draw a PERFECT diagram to show explain why the outside of a bend is deeper than the inside • What is a NIC?

4. 5 a day • What is the difference between attrition and abrasion? • What is the name of the beach on which we studied LSD? • What county is this beach from q. 2 in? • What is the multiplier effect? (one sentence answer only) • Give three factors that make a city a “global” city

5. Mumbai is in the state of Maharashtra in India. India is an LIC (lower income country). It is also a global city Look at fig 32 p. 65. Describe the location of Mumbai in India. Watch this to get an idea of what Mumbai looks like

6. Mumbai is in the state of Maharashtra in India. India is an LIC (lower income country). It is also a global city • Watch the first 1:53 of this and note any reasons stated that you think make it a global city • Turn to p. 65. add to your notes • In full sentences explain why Mumbai is a global city Look at pages 60-61. Answer 2 aand 3 on p.61 using: • The paragraph above the map on p. 60 • The map on p. 60 • The factfile on p. 61 • Fig 22 p. 61

7. Ways of life in Mumbai: social economic and cultural. What are the challenges faced in Mumbai? (poverty, housing, infrastructure, waste disposal) • Watch the rest of the video from earlier (starting at 1:53) • one person takes notes from the script about what challenges Mumbai faces • One takes notes from the images about what challenges Mumbai faces

8. 1/ This is a list from another squatter settlement. How many of these did we see/read about Dharavi in Mumbai?2/ What did you see/read that isn’t here? Ways of life in Mumbai: social economic and environmental. What are the challenges faced in Mumbai? (poverty, housing , infrastructure, waste disposal • Poor electricity and power supplies • Pollution • Lack of clean water • Few employment opportunities • Traffic problems • Poverty • Drugs, gangs and violence • Poor education and health provision’ • Poor sewerage systems • Poor rubbish collection • Lack of shelter

9. Task Sort the problems caused by urban growth and development of shanty towns into social, environmental & economic. Shanty towns are built on poor quality or unsafe land so are prone to flooding/landslides/fires Increase in crime Health Problems EG Asthma & Bronchitis caused by pollution Traffic Congestion as cars/buses/rickshaws/animals all share same roads Poverty Water pollution – rivers/seas used as dustbins Sewage on streets leads to water borne disease such as cholera/diarrhoea Unemployment as there are few jobs in formal sector. High birth rates Poor quality building materials and a lack of basic amenities eg running water/toilets in shanty towns Air pollution/Smog from car fumes and factories More street children Rural migrants can’t find jobs because they are often illiterate or non-skilled so the informal sector grows. Break up of families Malnutrition Up to 50% of the population live in Shanty towns Underground water supplies being lost. Wages are low paid and workers are exploited. Overcrowding As shanty towns are built agricultural land/woodland is destroyed. Shanty towns are illegal Disease spreads quickly because of high density housing. High Infant mortality rates

10. Working in Mumbai (Mumbai’s economic life) Write down this sentence: “GNI stands for Gross National Income and measures a countries wealth. In 2017 it was US$1590 per person in India and US$43700 in the UK.” a) On page 64, the emerging middle class is mentioned. Who are they and how are they helping India as a whole get wealthier? (mention formal employment and taxes) b) But not everyone is wealthy. Some people have informal jobs. Read p.66 and describe the differences between formal and informal jobs. Then complete activity one at the bottom of the page.

11. Why is waste disposal a problem? Watch this video on waste. It is about India as a whole not just Mumbai (video )

12. Waste Disposal is a Serious Problem in Poorer Countries • In richer countries, waste is disposed of by burying it in sites, or by burning it. The amount of waste is also reduced by recycling. Poorer countries struggle to dispose of the large amount of waste that’s created by rapid _____________ for many reasons: • Money– poorer countries often can’t _______ to dispose of waste safely, e.g. toxic waste has to be treated and this can be________. There are often more _______ problems to spend limited funds on, e.g. healthcare. This means much waste is left in __________. • Infrastructure – poorer countries don’t have the infrastructure needed, e.g. poor roads in ________settlements mean waste disposal lorries can’t get in to collect rubbish. • Scale – the problem is______. A large city will generate thousands of tonnes of waste every day. expensive, landfills, huge, afford, urgent, squatter, urbanisation, Grade 7-9 questions: Which of these 3 do you think is the biggest problem to overcome? Give at least 2 reasons for your answer

13. If the government can’t solve the waste problem what are ordinary people doing? Study figure 35 on page 67.(ensure you understand the key). • How does this diagram help explain the way that the informal economy restricts how India as a country is able to develop? (consider GNI, health, infrastructure development, education and healthcare) • Using the slumming it video (part 2) answer this like an 8 mark exam question: “Dharavi is a sustainable community.” Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer and show you have thought about more than one point of view. Use the mark scheme over.

14. “Dharavi is a sustainable community.” Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer and show you have thought about more than one point of view.

15. “Dharavi is a sustainable community.” Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer and show you have thought about more than one point of view.

16. Mass Transit in Mumbai Local Mumbai train Rush hour mumbai (notice segregation) Read p. 59. In a pair, read through fig.18 and decide which idea is the best for a) rail safety, b) passenger comfort and c) train times. Be prepared to have a good reason for each choice in 5 minutes time. Now do 3b on p. 59.

17. Mass Transit in Mumbai Quick WWW for question 3b on p. 59. 1/ Add in an advantage of one of your chosden options and say how you would overcome it 2/ Compare how your preferred choice is better than one you didn’t select 3/ explain how two ideas would work even better if they were done together

18. Trying to solve Mumbai’s housing problem • We are going to look at an area of housing called Bhendi Bazaar. Here it is on a normal day and again this time at night. • Its housing problems are described on p. 62 (look at q. 1 and 2 on this page) and a possible solution on p. 63. • Some people believe self help is the way to improve such areas. Read about this happening elsewhere in Mumbai (in Dharavi) on p.69 • This video shows the planners view of the development. Your task: • Create a table showing the advantages and disadvantages of the redevelopment scheme. • Referring to the problems you discussed in q 1 and 2 from p. 62 write a 150-200 word piece saying why the scheme should go ahead. You should also refer to 2-3 disadvantages the scheme has and how you propose to overcome these

19. Solving Mumbai’s housing problem Your task: • Create a table showing the advantages and disadvantages of the redevelopment scheme. • Referring to the problems you discussed in q 1 and 2 from p. 62 write a 150-200 word piece saying if the scheme should go ahead or not. (so like a 12 mark exam question)

20. Bhendi Bazaar – DIRT lesson Work out your www’s from the mark you got:

21. Possible homework • Urban earth dan raven ellisonhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FqFnkDHUGA watch this write down what is the same and different comparing Mumbai and Salisbury… talk about housing transport and environment and one other feature