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Linux Operating System. Presentation outline. Shreejana Singh Introduction History Charles Chong Technical Features Luis E. Solis Why use Linux? FUD factor. Presentation outline conti…. Dina Rodriguez Hardware Requirements Himanshu Kathuria Preview of the Linux Operating System
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Presentation outline • Shreejana Singh • Introduction • History • Charles Chong • Technical Features • Luis E. Solis • Why use Linux? • FUD factor
Presentation outlineconti… • Dina Rodriguez • Hardware Requirements • Himanshu Kathuria • Preview of the Linux Operating System • Live demonstration of the OS
History • Unix-like operating system, based on a kernel written by Linus Benedict Torvald • Inspired by the Minix operating system • The GNU "guh-NEW“ project started in 1983 by Richard Stallman at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology • A UNIX-compatible software system developed by the Free Software Foundation (FSF)
History conti… • Philosophy of GNU • To produce software that is non-proprietary • Anyone can download, modify and redistribute GNU software • The only restriction is that they cannot limit further redistribution • Given away for free. • Symbol of Linux • Linux doesn't have a formidable serious looking symbol • Rather Tux, as the penguin is lovingly called • Symbolizes the care-free attitude of the total movement
Historyconti… • Began work in 1991 • August 25, 1991 the historic post was sent to the MINIX news group by Linus ..... • September, 1991 - Linux version 0.01 is released • October, 1992 - The first standalone Linux installed • Dec 1993 - a stable 'beta' version (0.99 patchlevel 14) was available. • March 1994 - Version 1.0 released • First ``Linux virus'' discovered - Bliss • Today, there are an estimated 5 million Linux users worldwide Timeline 1991-2002
Platforms Linux been Ported • In addition to the Intel 386 • Linux has been ported to all of the following platforms: • Alpha Processor • MIPS • Motorola 68K (MAC, Atari, Amiga, etc.) • PowerPC (PowerMac, etc.) • SPARC • Sun3 • SGI (Indy) • HP PA-RISC (HP 700) • VAX • VME • ARM (Palmtops) • Intel 8086 & 80286
Operating System • A program that controls the execution of application programs. • And acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware • Linux is licenses under the General Public Licenses (GPL) • Ensures that the source code will always be freely available to anyone wants it.
Open Source/Free Software • People often think of software at no cost, has no owner, and thus no support or warranty of continuation • In reality the 'free' in free software means that the source code has been liberated and anybody may copy and compile it, but that does not exclude payment • Not Free of charge
Commercial Software • The opposite of OSS/FS is “closed” or “proprietary” software. • Software • source code that can be viewed • But cannot be modified and redistributed without further limitation
What is Linux • Kernel • Kernel Module • Benefits of using Module • Multitasking • Multi-User • Virtual Memory
Kernel Development • Internet OSI open system • USC Berkeley UNIX • Linux member of UNIX family • Kernel manages system hardware • Standard Kernel loads entire Kernel and base set in RAM • Linux real-time modules
Linux Modules • Speed and efficiency • Object file link/unlink to Kernel during run time • Example SCSI standard device driver • Portable written in C language
Virtual Memory • Swaps partition on hard disk • Linux swaps pages in and out of swap space as required • More physical than exist
Linux’s sponsors and contributors • Sponsors • Hewlett Packard • IBM • Intel • Contributors • Caldera Inc. • Corel Corporation • Oracle • SGI • Turbolinux Inc. • Red Hat Software
Linux Corporate Customers • Air New Zealand • Deutsche Telekom • 7-Eleven • Wolfermans • Wesport River Winery • Satellite Records • Jet Propulsion Laboratory • Mississippi State University • Triaton
Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt (FUD) • Can we trust production data to a free software program? • Free software • Linux is a Unix clone cut down to run on a PC • Why compromise just to save a few bucks? • Linux is insecure
Hardware Requirements • Linux hardware requirements • Limitations • Disadvantages
Motherboard and CPU Requirements • Does not support the Intel 286 and earlier processors. • Supports the Intel 80386, 80486, Pentium, Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, etc.
Memory Requirements • Linux requires very little memory to run • You should have a minimum 2 MB of RAM • The more memory, the faster it will run • 8 MB is enough for personal use • 16 MB or more for a power users
Hard Drive Controller Requirements • You can run a minimal system completely from floppy. • You must have an AT-Standard (16-bit) controller • Rule for non-SCSI controllers
Hard Drive Space Requirements • A complete system requires 10-20MB of memory space • A larger system requires 100-150MB • Installing Linux on a system with so little disk space will omit useful applications • Linux as a workstation: minimum of 600 MB • Linux as a server: minimum 1.6 GB of free disk space needed
Monitor & Video Adaptor Requirements • Linux supports all Hercules, CGA, EGA, VGA, IBM monochrome, and super VGA video cards and monitors for the default text-based interface
Other Supported Hardware • CD-ROM storage • Soundboards • Pointing Devices (Mouse, trackball) • Printers
Linux Performance • Key factors: features and performance • It runs on a wider range of hardware platforms and run on less expensive and powerful systems. • Linux exceeds other operating systems in its multiprocessing capabilities and its support of advanced TCP/IP networking facilities
Linux Performance • Linux does not restrict the number of clients connected at the same time • It provides more reliable data storage than other operating systems • Linux provides advanced disk management (RAID) which makes it possible to automatically duplicate stored data on several hard drives
LINUX SOFTWARE (RedHat Distribution) Applications: • Word Processor • Spreadsheet • PowerPoint • Scheduler • Databases
Development Software • All development software is free and covered under the GNU public License • Linux systems come standard with C and C++ compilers and an assembler • BASIC, FORTRAN, LISP, Pascal, Perl, Python are standard • Open Source • Bugs are discovered and corrected almost immediately
Games • Large varieties of games • Recently turned their attention to producing slick, commercial 3-D games • Some common games • CHESS, GO, JEZZBALL
Scientific Software • TeX and LaTeX scientific typesetting packages • Scientific applications for astronomy, biology, cartography, chemistry, laboratory work, mathematics, graphics, and visualization, available. • Often used to laboratories
System Software • Linux supports • parallel processing • RAID • Has resources for managing • all sorts of hardware issues • power management, multi-user/multi-group systems administration, backup, and system diagnostics.
Utilities • Disk and file manipulation, • Terminal customization, compression, archiving, • Scripting and other small but important things that keep a home computer running at its best. • Linux has command-line and even graphic interfaces
Microsoft Office 2000 Standard: Microsoft Office2000 Prof: OpenOffice1.0: mostly free of cost StarOffice 6.0: $181.95 $299.99 $39.99 $69.99 COST
Previewing the LinuxOperating System • Switch Desktop
Future of Linux • Constantly on the news whether computer or business related • Difficult to install and use • Free therefore insecure (Japanese gov.) • Lack of support (IBM Red hat RHCE)
Q and A • What is an operating system? • What is the difference between open source and commercial proprietary software? • What is Linux? • What is a Kernel module? • What are the benefits of using modules?