Utah Flora BOT2100

1. Utah Flora BOT2100 Lecture 6 Angiosperm Families II Including: Brassicaceae Lamiaceae Polemoniaceae Scrophulariaceae

2. Utah Flora BOT2100 Quiz 2 Part A • On the sheet of paper provided, please answer the following questions (spelling counts): • To which family does this specimen belong? • What type of leaves does this specimen have? • Are the petals fused or separate?

3. Utah Flora BOT2100 Quiz 2 Part B • On a new sheet, please determine this specimen • to genus (spelling counts). • This specimen belongs to family: • Hydrophyllaceae • 2. If time remains, for extra credit, determine this specimen to species • You may use your Utah Flora, your notes, or any other handouts provided in class for Part B

4. Utah Flora BOT2100 Lamiales 25 families1,300 genera 26,300 species Major Families Boraginaceae– forget-me-not, Cryptantha Hydrophyllaceae– waterleaf, Phacelia Lamiaceae – mints, oregano, thyme, Salvia Scrophulariaceae – snapdragons, Penstemon

5. Utah Flora BOT2100 Lamiales • Lamiaceae Labiatae • Worldwide236 genera 7,173 species • Utah(Native and Introduced)30 genera ~60 species • aromatic annuals, perennial herbs, or shrubs; stems mostly square • leaves opposite or whorled, always simple • inflorescence in cymes, often capitate or in dense verticels • flowers superior, perfect, regular or irregular • calyx fused, 5 lobed, often 2-lipped • corolla fused, 5 lobed, often 2 lipped • stamens 2-4, sometimes exserted, usually in unequal pairs • fruit 4, 1 seeded nutlets

6. Utah Flora BOT2100 Lamiales Lamiaceae Labiatae • Agastache • Worldwide 20 species • Utah(Native) 2 species • perennial herbs • leaves opposite, deltoid or subcordate, entire or toothed • flowers irregular • calyx 5-lobed, sometimes irregular • corolla 5-lobed, 2 lipped • stamens 4, exserted, upper pair longer than lower • 4, 1 seeded nutlets

7. Utah Flora BOT2100 Lamiales Lamiaceae Labiatae • Agastache urticifolia • sagebrush valley & montane species • plants perennial • (sometimes flowering a 3rd year) • leaves petiolate, blades serrate to crenate • corolla whitish, stamens exserted

8. Utah Flora BOT2100 Lamiales Lamiaceae Labiatae • Monardella • Worldwide 20 species • Utah(Native) 1 species • clump-forming, sub-shrubs (woody near ground) • leaves opposite, entire or toothed • flowers regular, in dense, terminal, capitate heads • calyx 5-lobed, regular • corolla 5-lobed, regular • stamens 4, exserted • 4, 1 seeded nutlets

9. Utah Flora BOT2100 Lamiales Lamiaceae Labiatae • Monardella odoratissima • sagebrush valley to montane species • inflorescence of dense, terminal, capitate heads • calyx 5-lobed, regular • corolla 5-lobed, regular • stamens 4, exserted

10. Utah Flora BOT2100 Lamiales Lamiaceae Labiatae • Salvia • Worldwide ~470 species • Utah(Native and Introduced) 4 species • annual, perennial herbs, or shrubs, strongly aromatic • leaves opposite, entire or toothed • inflorescence of capitate cymes or verticillasters • calyx 5-lobed, 2-lipped • corolla 5-lobed, 2-lipped • stamens 2, sometimes exserted • 4, 1 seeded nutlets

11. Utah Flora BOT2100 Lamiales Lamiaceae Labiatae • Salvia dorrii • desert or sagebrush valley species • plants many branched shrubs • leaves entire, less than 5 cm long • corolla bluish to purplish • stamens exserted

12. Utah Flora BOT2100 Lamiales • Scrophulariaceae • Worldwide170 genera 3,634 species • Utah(Native or Introduced)21 genera 130 species • annuals, perennial herbs, or shrubs • leaves alternate or opposite, simple or compound • inflorescence in solitary, thyrses, cymes, often in dense verticels • flowers superior, perfect, regular or irregular • calyx fused or distinct, 5 lobed • corolla fused, 5 lobed, often 2 lipped • stamens 5, 4 fertile and 1 staminode (infertile) • fruit a capsule

13. Utah Flora BOT2100 Lamiales Scrophulariaceae • Penstemon • Worldwide 275 species • Utah(Native) ~70 species • perennial herbs, often glandular • leaves opposite, simple, entire or toothed • inflorescence of cymes, often in dense verticillasters • calyx 5-lobed; corolla 5-lobed, 2-lipped • stamens 4, staminode 1 • fruit a capsule

14. Utah Flora BOT2100 Lamiales Scrophulariaceae • Penstemon humilis • montane species • plants many branched perennial herbs • leaves entire • corolla bluish to purplish, glandular • staminode bearded

15. Utah Flora BOT2100 Lamiales Scrophulariaceae • Castilleja • Worldwide 200 species • Utah(Native) 16 species • perennial herbs, often glandular, hemi-parasitic • leaves alternate, simple, entire or lobed • inflorescence of terminal spikes • calyx 4-lobed, tubular, petaloid • corolla 4-lobed, galea (beak-like upper lip) & 3-lobed lower lip • stamens 4 • fruit a capsule

16. Utah Flora BOT2100 Lamiales Scrophulariaceae • Castilleja miniata • montane species • plants hemi-parasitic perennial herbs • leaves entire • calyx petaloid (orange in this species) • corolla composed of: • galea (beak-like upper lip) • 3-lobed lower lip

17. Utah Flora BOT2100 Brassicales 17 families398 genera 4,450 species Major Families Brassicaceae – mustards Capparidaceae– bee-plants, capers

18. Utah Flora BOT2100 Brassicales • Brassicaceae Cruciferae • Worldwide338 genera 3,710 species • Utah(Native and Introduced)50 genera 148 species • annuals or perennial herbs, rarely sub-shrubs • leaves alternate, simple or compound • inflorescence in spikes, racemes, or panicles • flowers superior, perfect, regular • calyx separate, with 4 sepals • corolla separate, 4 petaled, blades spreading in cross shape (cruciform) • stamens 4, in unequal pairs • fruit a silique or a silicle (2 carpelate & divided by a replum)

19. Utah Flora BOT2100 Brassicales Brassicaceae Cruciferae • Descurainia • Worldwide 50 species • Utah(Native and Introduced)4 species • annual or biennial herbs, herbage often stellate pubescent • leaves alternate, pinnately compound • inflorescence racemose • calyx of 4 sepals; corolla of 4 petals, yellowish • stamens 6 • fruit a silique (a pod that is more than 3 times longer than wide)

20. Utah Flora BOT2100 Brassicales Brassicaceae Cruciferae • Descurainia sophia • annual herb; exotic weed • leaves 2-3 times pinnately compound • siliques linear, • up to 30 mm long, • from 1-2 mm wide

21. Utah Flora BOT2100 Brassicales Brassicaceae Cruciferae • Lepidium • Worldwide 230 species • Utah(Native and Introduced) 19 species • annual, biennial or perennial herbs, rarely sub-shrubs • leaves alternate, simple or pinnately compound, entire or lobed • inflorescence racemose • calyx of 4 sepals; corolla of 4 petals, mostly whitish • stamens 6 • fruit a silicle (less than twice as long as wide), usually round

22. Utah Flora BOT2100 Brassicales Brassicaceae Cruciferae • Lepidium montanum • perennial herb; sometimes a sub-shrub • leaves simple or pinnately compound • silicles round, • up to 2-4 mm long, • from 2-3 mm wide

23. Utah Flora BOT2100 Ericales 25 families346 genera 11,515 species Major Families Ericaceae– manzanita, blueberry Polemoniaceae – carnations, Phlox Primulaceae– primroses, shooting-stars

24. Utah Flora BOT2100 Ericales • Polemoniaceae • Worldwide236 genera 7,173 species • Utah(Native and Introduced)15 genera 74 species • annuals, perennial herbs, or rarely sub-shrubs • leaves alternate or opposite, simple or compound • inflorescence in solitary or in cymes, often capitate • flowers superior, perfect, regular or rarely irregular • calyx fused, 5 lobed • corolla fused, 5 lobed, often with a long tube • stamens 5, sometimes exserted • fruit a capsule

25. Utah Flora BOT2100 Ericales Polemoniaceae • Phlox • Worldwide 70 species • Utah(Native)16 species • perennial herbs, often prostrate or decumbent & mat-forming • leaves opposite, simple, entire • inflorescence solitary or in cymes • calyx 5-lobed, often with scarious margins • corolla 5-lobed, salverform • stamens 5 • fruit a capsule

26. Utah Flora BOT2100 Ericales Polemoniaceae • Phlox austromontana • perennial herb, stems mat-forming • leaves simple & opposite, • narrow & spine-tipped • flowers solitary & terminal

27. Utah Flora BOT2100 Ericales Polemoniaceae • Polemonium • Worldwide 27 species • Utah(Native) 6 species • perennial herbs, often aromatic • leaves alternate, pinnately compound • inflorescence terminal or axillary cymes • calyx 5-lobed, herbaceous • corolla 5-lobed, campanulate to funnelform • stamens 5, inserted or exserted • fruit a capsule

28. Utah Flora BOT2100 Ericales Polemoniaceae • Polemonium foliosissimum • perennial herb, stems erect • leaves alternate & pinnately compound • flowers terminal & axillary, • cymose

29. Utah Flora BOT2100 Assignment • Draw and label species provided in lab • Make sure to label those morphological features that helped • you identify the sample (the characters in the key) • Identify & label all samples to family and genus • For Practice: use A Utah Flora to identify & label all samples to • species (other than any we determined in class together)