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Basic Guide to Speeds & Feeds

Basic Guide to Speeds & Feeds. Please click the mouse at the end of each slide to continue to the next slide. Cutting Data Calculations. All calculations are based around the workpiece material We refer to materials as A pplication M aterial G roups (AMG’s)

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Basic Guide to Speeds & Feeds

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  1. Basic Guide to Speeds & Feeds Please click the mouse at the end of each slide to continue to the next slide.

  2. Cutting Data Calculations • All calculations are based around the workpiece material • We refer to materials as Application Material Groups (AMG’s) • These are broken down into 10 groups, and each group is further broken down into sub-groups depending upon material hardness and tensile strength • You can see the main reference table on page g13 of our catalogue • To help with AMG selection, there is a cross reference table showing common materials that fall into these categories on page g16

  3. Material cross-reference table - page g16 AMG reference table - page g13

  4. Cutting data Basic Guide to Calculate Speeds and Feeds Example in the Catalogue:- If you see a black square under a product, this means that the product Is “Excellent” for the Application Material Group indicated (AMG) If you see a red circle under a product, this means that the product Is “Good” for the Application Material Group indicated (AMG)

  5. Drilling Calculation On page a2of our catalogue under drill R458 you will find recommendations for speed and feeds. AMG 1.1 is “Magnetic Soft Steel” 125W The 125W is the “cutting conditions”. These conditions determine :- The PeripheralSpeed of the Drill Vc = 125 M / Min The Feed rate of the Drill W mm / rev (W refers to a feed code that relates to a feed rate dependant upon the tool diameter)

  6. PERIPHERAL SPEED This is the speed at which the drill is When you know the diameter of the drill, it can be expressed as “RPM” Revolutions Per Minute Calculations revolving.

  7. FEED • This is the rate at which the drill enters the material. • It is generally expressed as:- • mm per revolution • OR • mm per minute • The “mm per revolution” is simply how deep the drill will travel everytime it rotates through 360 degrees • The “mm per minute” is how deep the drill will travel in one minute • This is also referred to more commonly as the “Penetration Rate” • (Penetration rate Vf = RPM x mm/rev) Calculations

  8. Drilling Calculation IN OUR EXAMPLE 125W The “125” above refers to the Peripheral Speed (Metres per Minute) (M/min) The “W” above refers to the Feed. (Millimetres per Revolution) (mm/rev) The format is the same, throughout the catalogue. It is always a number, followed by a letter. The number is the speed expressed in Metres / Min and can be used to calculate RPM The letter is used to calculate the feed per revolution Using these figures, you are able to calculate the RPM and finally, Penetration Rate.

  9. Drilling Calculation Let’s assume we want to calculate the speeds and feeds of an R458 drill for Magnetic Soft Steel, with a diameter of 8.0 mm The first calculation is the “Speed.” We are told on page a2of the catalogue that the speed is “125” – This is known as the peripheral speed and is expressed in metres per minute The formula for calculating the RPM from the Peripheral Speed is as follows:- RPM = Peripheral speed (Vc) x 1000 --------------------------------------- π x Diameter of the drill (π = 3.142 is a mathematical constant.) Therefore, the sum reads like this: 125 x 1000 125,000 ------------- or ----------- 3.142 x 8 25.14 = 4972 RPM

  10. Drilling Calculation Now that we have calculated the RPM, we can easily calculate the feed rate. We know that the RPM on this particular example, R458 8.0 mm in AMG 1.1 is: RPM4972 The formula to calculate the Penetration Rate (mm/min) is simply:- Penetration Rate = RPM X Feed Rate (mm per revolution) At the end of each section on speeds and feeds in the catalogue there is a “feed chart”. For drills, it appears on page a7

  11. Drilling Calculation In the table on page a7, simply look for the letter down the left hand side of the table, then go along the table until you arrive at the required diameter. For our example, we are looking for “W” down the left and “8 mm” across the top. The value is, therefore, 0.260 mm per revolution.

  12. Drilling Summary We now know the RPM (4972) and we know the Feed Per Rev (0.26mm/rev) Just to Remind you:- The formula to calculate the Feed Rate (mm/min) is simply:- Feed Rate (Penetration Rate) = RPM X Feed Per Rev (mm / rev) So the sum is: 4972 x 0.26 = 1293 mm / minute Therefore, for an 8mm diameter R458 drilling AMG 1.1 (magnetic soft steel), Penetration rate (Vf) should be 1293 mm/minute Rotational speed of 4972 RPM

  13. Milling Calculations • FEED • This is the rate at which the cutter passes through the material. • It is generally expressed as:- • mm per tooth (Feed per Tooth) • OR • mm per minute (Table Feed) • (Table Feed Vf= RPM x feed per tooth x Number of teeth)

  14. Milling Calculations Example of MillingCalculations RPM = Peripheral Speed (Vc) x 1000 ------------------------------------------ π x Diameter of the cutter Table Feed calculation is:- Table Feed = RPM x Feed per tooth x Number of teeth This gives you the table feed in millimetres per minute (mm/min)

  15. Milling Calculations Let us assume that we want to calculate the speeds and feeds of a C367 3 flute slot drill in Stainless Steel AMG 2.2, with a diameter of 8.0 mm On page e3 of our Catalogue, we can see that under C367 AMG 2.2, we have a value of 55F

  16. Milling Calculations Let us assume that we want to calculate the speeds and feeds of a C367 3 flute slot drill in Stainless Steel AMG 2.2, with a diameter of 8.0 mm On page e3 of our Catalogue, we can see that under C367 AMG 2.2, we have a value of 55F Just as before on drills, the first calculation is the “Speed.” We are told on page e3 of the Catalogue that the speed is “55” – This is known as the cutting speed and is expressed in metres per minute RPM = Cutting speed x 1000 -------------------------------------- π x Diameter of the Cutter Reminder:- 55 x 1000 55,000 ------------- or --------- 3.142 x 8 25.14 = 2188 RPM Therefore, the sum reads like this:

  17. Milling Calculations Now we have calculated the RPM, we can easily calculate the feed rate. We know that the RPM on this particular example, C367 8.0 mm in AMG 2.2 is: RPM2188 Reminder: The formula to calculate Table Feed (mm/min) is :- Table Feed = RPM x Feed Per Tooth x Number of Teeth (mm/min) At the end of each section on speeds and feeds in the catalogue there is a “feed chart”. For cutters, it appears on pages e9 to e11 Reminder:The C367 has 3 teeth as shown in the catalogue Feed “F”

  18. Feed Chart Feed Chart for HSS / HSS-E Cutters, page e10

  19. Feed value As we are slotting we require the top table as shown by the Icon Feed/tooth value F for Ø 8.0mm = 0.033 mm

  20. Milling Calculations We now know the RPM and we now know the Feed Per Tooth Reminder:- The formula to calculate the Table Feed (mm/min) is :- RPM x Feed Per Tooth x Number of Teeth (mm/min) So the sum is 2188 x 3 x 0.033 = 217 mm/min Therefore, for a C367 milling Stainless Steel in AMG 2.2 material, Ø 8.0 mm The table feed should be 217 mm/minute

  21. Tapping Calculations Let us assume that we want to calculate the cutting conditions of an EP006H tap in Hardened Steel AMG 1.4, with a diameter of M10 On page c2 of our Catalogue, we can see that EP006H - AMG 1.4, has a value of 16

  22. Tapping Calculations Let us assume that we want to calculate the cutting conditions of an EP006H tap in Hardened Steel AMG 1.4, with a diameter of M10 On page c2 of our Catalogue, we can see that EP006H - AMG 1.4, has a value of 16 Just as before on drills & milling, the first calculation is the “Speed.” We are told on page c2 of the Catalogue that the speed is “16” – This is known as the cutting speed and is expressed in metres per minute RPM = Cutting speed x 1000 -------------------------------------- π x Diameter of the Tap Reminder:- 16 x 1000 55,000 ------------- or --------- 3.142 x 10 31.42 Therefore, the sum reads like this: = 1750 RPM

  23. Tapping Calculations When tapping the Feed rate Vf is RPM x Pitch = (mm/min) RPM = Vc x 1000 ----------------------- π x Diameter For tapping the feed rate depends on the pitch of the tap The Pitch is dependant on the style of tap

  24. Tapping Calculations Example: To Calculate the cutting data for the EP006H M10 in AMG 1.4 The value on page c2 of the catalogue is 16 16 x 1000 = ------------------- π x 10 Vcx 1000 RPM = ------------------ π x Diameter RPM = 509 The pitch of an M10 EP006H Metric coarse tap is = 1.5mm This can be found on page c24 of our catalogue under column P mm Reminder: Feed Rate = 509 x 1.5 Vf = 764 mm/min

  25. These recommendations are a “guide” to machining in specific materials. • We generally recommend that the RPM can be adjusted by +/- 10% • The feed rate (mm per rev) can be adjusted by +/- 25% • Adjustments should be considered for:- • Machine Stability • Tool Holding • Workpiece clamping • Lubrication / coolant • If the operating conditions are considered good, then maximum RPM and feed rate should be used. ie: RPM + 10% and Feed +25%

  26. Try some for yourself……..

  27. Component Component is EN8 Material (AMG 1.3) • Requirements • Drill Ø 12.0mm R457 • Thread M14 EX00TIN • Slot Ø 8.0mm S802HA (slot detail : Ae 8 mm / Ap 4 mm) (Ae = Radial Depth& Ap = Axial Depth) RPM = Peripheral Speed (Vc) x 1000 ----------------------------------------- π x Diameter Reminder

  28. Answers……..

  29. Component (DRILLING) Page a2 • R457 Ø 12.0mm AMG 1.3 Cutting Data 110W

  30. Component (DRILLING) Page a2 • R457 Ø 12.0mm AMG 1.3 Cutting Data 110W RPM = 110 x 1000 = 2917 πx 12 Feed Letter W = Page a7 mm/rev Penetration Vf = RPM x Feed per Rev = 2917 x 0.380 = 1108 mm/min 0.380

  31. Component (TAPPING) Page c4 • EX00TIN M14 AMG 1.3 Cutting Data 32

  32. Component (TAPPING) Page c4 • EX00TIN M14 AMG 1.3 Cutting Data 32 RPM = 32 x 1000 = 728 πx 14 2.00 mm/rev Pitch of Thread 2.0mm = Page c33 Penetration Vf = 728 x 2.00 = 1456 mm/min

  33. Component (MILLING) Page e2 • S802HA Ø 8.0mm AMG 1.3 Cutting Data 155B

  34. Component (MILLING) Page e2 • S802HA Ø 8.0mm AMG 1.3 Cutting Data 155B RPM = 155 x 1000 = 6165 πx 8 0.035 Feed Letter B = mm/z Page e9

  35. Component (MILLING) Page e2 • S802HA Ø 8.0mm AMG 1.3 Cutting Data 155B RPM = 155 x 1000 = 6165 πx 8 2 Feed Letter B = 0.035 mm/z Page e9 No of Teeth = Page e12

  36. Component (MILLING) Page e2 • S802HA Ø 8.0mm AMG 1.3 Cutting Data 155B RPM = 155 x 1000 = 6165 πx 8 Feed Letter B = 0.035 mm/z Page e9 No of Teeth = 2 Page e12 Penetration Vf = RPM x Feed per Tooth x No of Teeth = 6165 x 0.035 x 2 = 432 mm/min

  37. Congratulations you completed the course

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