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Deutscher Wetterdienst Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg Richard Assmann Observatory

Deutscher Wetterdienst Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg Richard Assmann Observatory. Water vapor observations in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere: Tropics and East Asia. Holger Vömel, DWD, Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg Jianchun Bian, IAP/CAS, Beijing

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Deutscher Wetterdienst Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg Richard Assmann Observatory

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  1. Deutscher WetterdienstMeteorological Observatory Lindenberg Richard Assmann Observatory Water vapor observations in theupper troposphere and lower stratosphere:Tropics and East Asia Holger Vömel, DWD, Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg Jianchun Bian, IAP/CAS, Beijing Masatomo Fujiwara, Hokkaido University Fumio Hasebe, Hokkaido University Henry Selkirk, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Takashi Shibata, Nagoya University Masato Shiotani, Kyoto University Jéssica Valverde, Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica

  2. Balloon-borne in situ observations • Water Vapor : • Cryogenic Frostpoint Hygrometer (CFH) • Ozone: • ECC ozone sonde • PTU and wind: • Vaisala RS80, GPS • Other sensors: • Vaisala RS92, FLASH, • Modem, Intermet, Cobald • Chinese L-Band Radiosonde

  3. Cryogen Frost layer Thermistor Heater μ Controller Detector Air flow IR LED Lens Mirror Cryogenic Frostpoint Hygrometer (CFH) • Microprocessor control • Vertical Range: surface to ~25 km • Uncertainty: troposphere: > 4% MR stratosphere: ~ 9 % • Phase sensitive detector: electronic sunlight filter • No liquid/ice ambiguity • Weight: ~ 400 gr • ~ 477 soundings

  4. Low latitudefrostpoint observations • CEPEX: March 1993 Western Pacific 13 soundings • OMS : Feb 2997 and Nov 1997 North Eastern Brazil 4 soundings • SOWER: March 1998 ongoing Western and Eastern Pacific, campaign based (usually DJF) 49 soundings San Cristobal 5 soundings Western Pacific 50 soundings Indonesia • TICOSONDE: July 2005 ongoing Costa Rica, routine observations 122 soundings • Kunming: Aug 2009 Southwest China, 11 soundings

  5. CFH Observation sites

  6. CFH Observation sites

  7. In situ profiles

  8. Example Data: Kunming Aug 2009 Water Vapor Ozone

  9. Dehydration event Costa Rica19 July 2005 Water Vapor Ozone 395 K 370 K 360 K

  10. Temperature anomaly 11 July 2005 19 July 2005 Rossby Gravity Wave

  11. Seasonal variation

  12. Tape Recorder, Costa Rica CFH 2005-2009

  13. Tape Recorder, Costa Rica Aura/MLS 2004-2009

  14. Tropical Tropopause Observations

  15. Tropical tropopause water vapor

  16. Tropical tropopause ozone

  17. Tropical tropopause ozone distribution

  18. Tropical tropopause RH

  19. Tropical tropopause RH distribution

  20. Comparison of Kunming data with all other tropical data

  21. Water ozone correlation

  22. Water ozone correlation

  23. Water vapor

  24. Ozone

  25. RH over ice

  26. Summary • High resolution vertical profiles of tropical water vapor and ozone show multitude of atmospheric processes and trends: Tape recorder, wave driven dehydration, high Supersaturation, QBO, etc. • Kunming soundings have the same water/ozone correlation as Costa Rica in summer • But higher water vapor at 360K-370K compared to Costa Rica • Higher ozone below 360K and lower ozone between 360K and 380K compared to Costa Rica • Difference disappears at 380 K • Supersaturation up to 390 K allows for formation of clouds

  27. Summary

  28. Tropical tropopause temperature

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