ABSTRACT

1. DEVELOPMENT OF BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION CONTROL SYSTEM FOR DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN CANCEROUS TUMOR INDUCED BY RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION IN THE ENVIRONMENT AT OIL AND GAS DRILLING SITE AND BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIS (BPH) AMONG MALE OIL AND GAS DRILLING WORKERS BY ONYEKAOKWU O. C. DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL TECHNOLOGY, SCHOOL OF HEALTH TECHNOLOGY, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, OWERRI. PRESENTING AUTHOR’S E-MAIL: ONYEKAOKWUCYRIACUS@GMAIL.COM PHONE NO: 08027545310 B.SC INDUSTRIAL PHYSICS, PGD, MASTER OF PUBLIC HEALTH (MPH).

2. ABSTRACT If there is suspicion of prostate cancer or cancerous tumor in the gonalds of male oil and gas drilling worker. Your doctor may ask you to urinate into a special biomedical device called uroflometer that measures how quickly urine is flowing. A reduced flaw after suggest Benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH and not cancerous tumor indused by radiation in oil and gas drilling environment. If it is cancerous tumor indused by radiation from oil and gas drilling environment there will be no meaningful urine reduction from the gonalds of male oil and gas workers. Urofemeter are made of manly passive components. The unit ohms, Volts V, ampere A, Henry H, Meters M, Meter per seconds m/s etc.

3. A coil of 9, 000 tons (nine thousand) tons of coil of wire is wound round the pipe 9 millimeter in diameter caring the urine and large magnets is placed across it. The urine flows through the magnetic field so that a current of few micro amps is induced in it. This coupled to the picking coil which provide indication on the meter. The deflection on the meter is directly proportional to the amount of urine flowing and thus the meter reading is a measure of the rate of flow of urine. • Keyword: Cancerous tumor, radiation, male oil and gas drilling workers, pollution, environment, biomedical device, Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) Coil of wire, Pipe, Magnet, Magnetic Field, Current, Urine, Medical Doctor etc.

4. INTRODUCTION Radioactive pollution can be defined as the release of radioactive substances or high energy particles into the air water, or earth as a result of oil and gas drillings.

5. PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANT Some of these induced radioactive effects due promote inflammations or abnormal prolifliation of call among oil and gas drilling workers. This pollution in the environment brought about mobility and mortality among oil and gas drilling works. This pollution brought about spontaneous deformities like cancerous tumor or Benign prostatic hyperplasic B.ph. Tumor brought about by exposure to ionizing radiation are not observable at all until years later. For this reason, such disease are called which are life threatening, such radiation induced tumors has its own latency period. Among oil gas drilling workers less than first years after initial ingestion of some even apart until almost twenty years after ward. Uroflowmetry is a diagnostic biomedical instrumentation control system administered to check for abnormalities in amount or flow of a patient’s urine. The procedure is straight forward and painless and simply involves urinating into a pipe device attached to an electronic meter. Doctors commonly use uroflowmetry to check for possible prostate enlargement.

6. MATERIALS AND METHOD Uroflowmeter are made of mainly passive components. The unit ohms, volts V, ampere A Henry H, meter per seconds m/s etc.

7. Fig 1: UROFLOW METER

8. A coil of 9,000tons, (nine thousand) tons of coil of wire is wound round the pipe of 9 millimeter in diameter caring the urine and large magnets is placed across it. The urine flows through the magnetic field so that a current of few micro amps is induced in it. This coupled to the picking coil which provide indication on the meter. The deflection on the meter is directly proportional to the amount of urine flowing. A reduced flow suggest Benign prostatic hyperplasia while a negligible reduction suggest tumors in the gonalds of male oil and gas workers.

9. Gonalds Urine flow with BPH Fig 2: BPH with abnormal urine flow

10. Gonalds

11. Tumor Urine flow without BPH but tumor

12. DISCUSSION The body takes materials from high energy substances in the environment and convert them to resultant energy. After the body has taken the food and high energy components that it needs, waste products are left behind in the bowel and in the blood. The urinary system helps the body to eliminate liquid called urea and keeps the chemicals. Such as potassium, sodium, water and toxins that swell and develops a growth. On the other hands an induced radiation causes inflammations or abnormal cell proliferation that becomes a disease called Tumors in the gonalds of oil and gas drilling male worker.

13. FACTS ABOUT URINE • Adults pass about a quart and a half of urine each day, depending on the fluids and foods consumed. • The volume of urine formed at night is about half that formed in the day time. • The normal urine is sterile. It contains fluids, salts and waste products, but it is free of bacterial, viruses and fungi. • The tissues of the bladder are isolated from urine and toxic substances by a coating that discourages bacteria from attaching and growing on bladder wall.

14. REASONS FOR THE PROCEDURES Uroflowmetry is a quick simple diagnostic screening test that provides valuable feedback about the health of the urinary tract; it is commonly performed to determine if there is an obstruction to normal urine outflow. Medical conditions that can utter the normal flow of urine include but are not limited to the following:

15. Benign prostatic hypertrophic: a benign enlargement at the prostatic gland that usually occurs in men over age 50years. Enlargement of the prostatic interferes with normal passage of urine from the bladder. If left untreated, the enlargement prostrate can obstruct the bladder completely. • Urinary incontinence: involuntary release of urine from the bladder. • Urinary blockage: obstruction of the urinary tract can occur from many reasons along any part of the urinary tracts from kidneys to urethra. Urinary obstructions can lead to a back flow of urine causing infection, scarring or kidney failure if untreated. • Neurogenic bladder or dysfunction: improper function of the bladder to an alteration in the nervous system such as the spinal cord lesion injury. • Frequent urinary tract infection Uroflowmetry may be performed conjunction with other diagnostic procedures such as cystometry and cystography. There may be other reasons for your doctor to recommend uroflowmetry.

16. RISKS OF THE PROCEDURE Straining with urinationUroflowmetry is considered safe for most persons/patients because it is a noninvasive procedure. The test is usually done in privacy to ensure that the patient’s blood is in natural setting. There may be risk depending on your specific medical conditions. Be sure to discuss any concern with your doctor prior to the procedure. Certain factors or conditions may interfere with the accuracy of uroflowmetry; these factors include, but are not limited to the following: • Body movement during urination • Certain medication that affects the bladder and sphincter muscle tone.

17. CONCLUSION Uroflowmeter is a biomedical instrumentation control system that measures how quick urine flows. It then distinguishes the difference between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and induced tumors among male oil and gas drillers in an environment.

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20. THANKS AND GOD BLESS