Ch 25 Sec 1 - The Conservative Tide

1. Ch 25 Sec 1 - The Conservative Tide

2. PPT by Mr. Hammer • North Penn High School • http://www.npenn.org/557770458286/site/default.asp

3. Cool website http://makkaynic.wikispaces.com/The+Cold+War (Berlin Wall video)

4. Essential Questions: • What were the reasons for the resurgence of conservative values? • What were the major goals of the New Right? • How did Reagan and Bush emerge as conservative leaders?

5. Goals of the Conservative Movement • Shrink the size of the Federal Government and reduce spending • Promote family values and patriotic ideas • Stimulate business by reducing government regulations and lowering taxes • Strengthen the national defense

6. The New Right • Pro- Life • School Prayer • Anti-Affirmative Action/Reverse Discrimination • Blocked the ERA • Personal Responsibility

7. The Conservative Coalition • An Alliance of: • Business Leaders • Middle class voters • Disaffected Democrats • Fundamentalist Christian Groups/Evangelical Christians

8. The Moral Majority • Televangelist Preachers Jerry Falwell

9. Moral Majority • Religious • In the 1970s, each week millions of Americans watched on t.v. or listened on the radio to evangelist preachers. Jim and Tammy Bakker of PTL Club

10. Jerry Falwell, a televangelist, formed moral majority. Which consisted of Christians who interpreted the bible literally and believed in absolute standards of right and wrong. • The goal of the organization was to bring back traditional family values

11. Ronald Reagan • democrat - conservative republican. • Actor • Governor for California in 1966 and 1977 • Very relaxed, and charming • Popular with conservative voters

12. Ronald Reagan • Pres. Screen Actors Guild/ Friendly Witness (HUAC) • Elected CA Governor 1966 • 1980 elected President • Attempted Assassination 1981 • Re-Elected in 1984 in a landslide

13. Strategies • Cuts in Gov’t spending on social programs. Did not benefit middle class but affected other groups such as food stamps, welfare benefits, job training ETC • Supply-side economics- If people pay less taxes they will save more money. Banks could loan money to businesses, which then could improve productivity- Drive prices down

14. Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) STARWARS • Reagan asked scientist to develop a defense system that would keep American's safe from enemy missiles. • b-1 bomber • MX Missile(Peacekeeper)

17. Ch 25 Section 2 – Conservative Policies under Reagan and Bush

18. Essential Questions • What was Reaganomics? • What changes occurred on the Supreme Court? • What were the results of deregulation in the Savings and Loan industry? • Who supported Conservatives Reagan and Bush in the 1984 and 1988 elections?

19. Reaganomics Takes Over • Reagan wanted to reduce the size and influence of the Federal Government • Deep Cuts in Social Programs – Urban Mass Transit, Food Stamps, welfare benefits, job-training, Medicaid, school lunches and student loans. • Supply-side economics – Tax cuts by 25 %, money saved would be reinvested to improve business and productivity, lowering price. • Increased Defense Spending – MX Missile, B-1 Bomber, and SDI (Strategic Defense Initiative)

20. Recession, Recovery, and the National Debt • Severe Recession – July 1981- Nov. 1982 • Tax Cuts and the 1983 Consumer Spending Spree sparked the economy • Stocks surged, unemployment declined, and GNP went up 10%. • Federal Spending still exceeded Federal revenue due to the tax cuts. By 1984 the National Debt almost doubled.

21. Conservative Supreme Court • Sandra Day O’Connor, Antonin Scalia, Anthony M. Kennedy, Clarence Thomas, and a new Chief Justice William Rehnquist

22. O'CONNOR, Sandra Day • (1930- ), American jurist, the first woman associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. Born in El Paso, Tex., on March 26, 1930, and educated at Stanford University, O'Connor served in Arizona as an assistant attorney general (1965-69), a state senator (1969-74), and a superior court judge (1974-79). In 1979 she was appointed to the Arizona Court of Appeals.

23. She was nominated by President Ronald Reagan to the U.S. Supreme Court in July 1981 and confirmed by the U.S. Senate in September. Initially a strong conservative, in the late 1980s O'Connor became more of a centrist on a court sharply divided between conservatives and liberals. In several cases she upheld abortion rights. She was named to the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1995.

24. Deregulating the Economy • Deregulation – The cutting back of Federal regulation of industry. • ( Increased competition and resulted in lower prices for consumers) Savings and Loan Scandal • Budget Cuts for the EPA resulted in more mining, logging of forests and more oil and gas drilling. Environmental risk?

25. Conservative Coalition 1984/88 • Businesspeople – wanted a deregulated econ. • Southerners – Welcomed limits of Federal Power + Fundamentalist Christian Groups • Westerners – resented federal controls on mining and grazing • Reagan Democrats- agreed with limited gov. and felt the Democratic party had drifted too far left.

26. Election of 1984 • Reagan (R) vs. Walter Mondale (D) VP under Carter • Landslide for Reagan • Geraldine Ferraro of NY Mondale’s VP candidate was the first women on a major party’s Presidential ticket.

28. Election of 1988 • George HW Bush (R) vs. Michael Dukakis ( D) • Moral Majority, comfortable economy, no reason to change. • Bush “Read my Lips: no new Taxes!”

30. Ch 25 Sec 3 Social Concerns 1980’s • AIDS • Drug Abuse • Abortion • Education

31. Essential Questions: • What were the national concerns about education, drug use, health issues and urban problems? • What political, economic, and social gains were achieved by women? • How did conservative policies affect minority groups?

32. Health Issues 1980’s • AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) • Possibly began in 1960s • Caused by a virus that destroys the immune system, AIDS weakens the body so that it is prone to infections • Early victims of the disease were homosexual men and Intravenous drug users who Shared needles.

33. Abortion – Roe v Wade 1973 • Pro-life v. Pro-choice • Webster v Reproductive Health Care Services – July 1989 (States had the right to impose restrictions on abortion.)

34. Drug Abuse • War on Drugs • Nancy Reagan’s anti- drug campaign “Just Say no!” to drugs “This is your brain on drugs.”

35. Education 1980’s • A Federal Commission issued a report in 1983 called A Nation at Risk • 23 million Americans could NOT fill out a job application or follow an instruction manual • “America 2000” - School Vouchers were introduced • school choice was salvation for schools

36. Urban Crisis • Flight to the suburbs hurt the inner city • High Unemployment • Homelessness • Crumbling Infrastructure • Lack of health services • Deteriorating Schools • Drugs (Crack) • Gangs (Crips & Bloods)

37. LA Riots 1992 • Rodney King was beaten by four white police officers after a car chase • Officers were found not guilty • South Central rioted for five days, 53 killed

39. Equal Rights 1980’s • ERA failed ratification in 1982 • 47 women were elected to the HOR in 1992 • six women in the US Senate • two women in Reagan’s cabinet • Pay Equality was fought for by women’s organizations • see chart on page 842 in book

40. Fight for Rights • African American Mayors of many big cities • (Ex. Philadelphia –Mayor Wilson Goode) • 1992 L. Douglas Wilder became the Governor of VA • Jesse Jackson ran for President in 1984 and 1988

41. Gains for Latinos • 1988 Lauro Cavazos was appointed Sec. of Ed. • 1990 Dr. Antonia Coello Novello was appointed Surgeon General

42. Native Americans Speak Out • Aid was slashed to Native Americans for health, education and other services • Native American campaigned for gambling casinos as a source of revenue

43. Asian American Population • They were the second fastest growing minority population in the US • By 1992 the Asian American Population was 8.3 million.

44. Advances in Gay Rights • In the 1980’s gay rights groups fought for civil rights • Direct Action groups called for an end to anti-gay discrimination. • By 1993, 7 states and 110 communities outlawed anti-gay discrimination

45. Ch 25 Sec. 4 Foreign Policy After the Cold War

46. Essential Questions: • What changed in the Communist world that ended the Cold War? • What did the US do to influence Central American and Caribbean affairs? • What was the Iran-Contra Scandal? • How and Why was the US involved in the Persian Gulf War?

47. The Cold War Ends • March 1985 – Mikhail Gorbachev became General Secretary of the USSR • Glasnost – “Openness” • Criticism of the USSR • Freedom of the Press

48. Perestoika - pe·re·stroi·ka • The program of economic and political reform in the Soviet Union initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev in 1986. - Restructuring of The Soviet Economy (Reform)

49. Relations with the US • Summits with President Reagan • INF Treaty –Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty) • Eliminated two classes of weapon and allowed on site inspections

50. Decline of the USSR • In Dec. 1991 14 republics declared independence from the USSR • Gorbachev lost power , the USSR ended • CIS (Common Wealth of Independent States) was established • Boris Yeltsin new leader of Russia, START II signed