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Digital Manipulation of Photographic Images:. Definition, techniques, history, examples, ethics. Noise reduction. Photoshop. Two images: One Woman. Definition. image editing illusion computer. Techniques for Editing Images. Selection Cropping Noise reduction Image orientation
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Digital Manipulation of Photographic Images: Definition, techniques, history, examples, ethics
Definition • image editing • illusion • computer
Techniques for Editing Images • Selection • Cropping • Noise reduction • Image orientation • Special effects
Noise reduction Eliminating unwanted details
History • The dark room • To develop photos • Completely dark • Precursor of D.M.
Example • A composite photo
Example • Before
Examples • Martha Stewart: Image enhancement • O.J. Simpson: Prejudice • Kerry and Fonda: Politics
Ethics • Digital Manipulation Code of Ethics • NPPA Statement of Principle 1991 by the NPPA Board of Directors • As journalists we believe the guiding principle of our profession is accuracy; therefore, we believe it is wrong to alter the content of a photograph in any way that deceives the public.
Ethical issues • Unethical uses: • Politics • Image enhancement • Manipulating opinion • Distorting truth • Falsifying evidence
Conclusion • Evaluate purpose