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Hormone Perception and Signalling

Hormone Perception and Signalling. ABA signal transduction pathways are complex and involve a variety of small molecules and proteins. 1.Two protein phosphatase 2C proteins (PP2Cs) called ABI1 and ABI2 have a central role in ABA response.

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Hormone Perception and Signalling

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  1. Hormone Perception and Signalling

  2. ABA signal transduction pathways are complex and involve a variety of small molecules and proteins 1.Two protein phosphatase 2C proteins (PP2Cs) called ABI1 and ABI2 have a central role in ABA response. 2.A variety of kinases, RNA-modifying enzymes and transcription factors have been proposed to function in ABA signaling (Aaron Santner et al., 2009)

  3. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Two RING E3 ligases, ABI3-interacting protein (AIP2) and Keep on Going (KEG), promote normal ABA signaling by regulating the abundance of ABA responsive transcription factors, namely ABA-insensitive 3 (ABI3) and ABI5.

  4. Five ethylene receptor proteins

  5. Why five ethylene receptors? Genetic Redundancy: A duplicated gene can replace the function of a defective one

  6. Single Transmitter-on Receptor can Repress Ethylene Responses

  7. How the Five Receptors Coordinately Regulate Ethylene Responses?

  8. a linear pathway from perception to transcriptional regulation

  9. The E3 responsible for the degradation is SCFEBF1/2. In the double mutant ebf1 ebf2, EIN3 is stabilized, resulting in a constitutive ethylene response. Furthermore, these plants exhibit a constitutive triple response.

  10. Unequal Redundancy and Collaboration Network of Ethylene Receptors

  11. EIN2 is a short-lived protein whose accumulation is essential for ethylene responses. (GENES & DEVELOPMENT 2009,23:512–521)

  12. Two novel F-box proteins, ETP1 and ETP2, interact with EIN2-CEND (EIN2-C).

  13. Ethylene plays a negative role in ETP1 and ETP2 protein expression. Interplay between ethylene, ETP1/ETP2 F-box proteins, and degradation of EIN2 triggers ethylene responses in Arabidopsis

  14. The seven Ps-ERFs displayed differential expression pattern and levels throughout the various stages of flower and fruit development. (Journal of Experimental Botany, 2009. 60(3):907–922)

  15. Endosomal signaling of plantsteroid receptor kinase BRI1 • The steroid receptor BRI1 localizes to both plasma membrane and early endosomal compartments, even when observed at low, endogenous expression levels. • Its localization and turnover are independent of ligand. However, increasing endosomal localization of BRI1 enhances activation of the pathway and genomic responses. (Genes Development,2007)

  16. ASKh is a novel component of the BR signalling cascade, targeting the transcription factors BES1, BZR1 and BEH2 • in vivo protein kinase activity of the group-III GSK, ASKh (BIN2), was negatively regulated by BRI1. Plant Journal 2010

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