Cyber habits of school children

1. Cyber habits of school children Rossouw von Solms Institute for ICT Advancement

2. Introduction • The Information Security Management Group at NMMU is currently running a project called: Cyber Security • General Security Awareness for employees (should have a NMMU short course on the web early 2011) • Cyber security for the public in general • Internet services in Retirement Villages • eSafety in Schools (Mariska de Lange)

3. Agenda

4. Introduction • Many children in developed world have cell phones, bank cards and are active on social networks • Lots of information, including personal information, is shared daily • Young people are also very active on peer-to-peer file sharing • Today, most people (over 10 years of age) are engaged in some form of online or electronic services or communication • (Mitropoulou & Triantafyllidis, 2008)

5. Introduction • The Question is: To what extent are security, privacy and ethical issues in tact in all of the above cases?

6. International statistics • Children • New Zealand Study (347 girls aged 11 – 19) • “29% sent mail and 26% got in touch via phone calls with people they met via the Internet” • “33.5% did personally get in touch with strangers they met via the Internet” • “60% had used at least once the Internet in an unsafe way, i.e. passing on their name, address, phone number, or pictures.” • “75% of the girls indicate they are being controlled only occasionally by their parents as to their Internet usage and 37.5 % reports never being controlled.” (M Valke et al, Computers in Human Behaviour, 2007)

7. International statistics • Children • United Kingdom (1434 children aged 8 – 11) • 60% were totally unaware of basic e-safety guidelines • United States of America (1501 children aged 10 – 17) • 25% were exposed to unwanted sexual material • 19% were being sexually propositioned while being online (M Valke et al, Computers in Human Behaviour, 2007)

8. International statistics • Children • United States of America (322 children grades 7 - 10) • 45% spent time at sites related to guns and explosives • 74% reported contact with strangers via email or chat rooms • 25% acknowledged that they had shared information about themselves, such as; name, school, address phone number, etc. (M Valke et al, Computers in Human Behaviour, 2007)

9. South African statistics • Study conducted Port Elizabeth: • Six schools • 3 primary schools • 3 secondary schools • 1594 children from grades 6 to 12 • Following are some of the statistics:

10. South African statistics • The Port Elizabeth study:

11. South African statistics • The Port Elizabeth study:

12. South African statistics • The Port Elizabeth study:

13. South African statistics • The Port Elizabeth study:

14. South African statistics • The Port Elizabeth study:

15. South African statistics • The Port Elizabeth study:

16. South African statistics • The Port Elizabeth study:

17. South African statistics • The Port Elizabeth study:

18. South African statistics • The Port Elizabeth study:

19. South African statistics • The Port Elizabeth study:

20. South African statistics • The Port Elizabeth study:

21. South African statistics • The Port Elizabeth study:

22. South African statistics • The Port Elizabeth study:

23. South African statistics • The Port Elizabeth study: We plan to compare our statistics with the international stats soon.

24. General trends • Some major concerns are raised:

25. General trends • Some major concerns are raised:

26. General trends

27. General trends

28. General trends • Younger generation - too cavalier-like • Seemingly no fear and respect for electronic information and assets • Millennials – schizophrenic behaviour • Seemingly different principles for private and business lives • Older generation – too conservative • Seemingly a lack of appreciation for technological advances

29. Possible solution • eSafety, (the security, privacy and ethical aspects related to electronic information and communication technology) is indeed a major problem • What can be done about the situation?

30. Possible solution • eSafety needs to become part and parcel to all of us – young and old! • An eSafety culture needs to be cultivated, through education and awareness

31. Possible solution • eSafety Awareness & Education • Who? • Parents / Adults? • Schools / Teachers? • Peers / Friends? • Contents? • Technical issues? • Psychological issues? • Ethical issues? • Legal issues?

32. An eSafety Culture – the Solution? • eSafety Awareness & Education • When? • At school as part of curriculum? • How? • Formally? • Informally?

33. Possible solution Who, When, How with which Content? This is the Jackpot Question

34. Possible solution • Solutions in the United Kingdom • CEOP – Child Exploitation Online Protection • www.ceop.co.uk • Material used by schools in the UK

35. Possible solution • CEOP • Home page

36. Possible solution • Solutions in the United Kingdom • Think u Know by CEOP – Child Exploitation Online Protection • www.ThinkuKnow.co.uk • Material used by schools in the UK

37. Possible solution • ThinkuKnow • Home page

38. Possible solution • 5-7 years

39. Possible solution • 5-7 years

40. Possible solution • 5-7 years

41. Possible solution • 8-10 years

42. Possible solution • 8-10 years

43. Possible solution • 11-16 years

44. Possible solution • 11-16 years

45. Possible solution • Parents

46. Possible solution • Teachers

47. Possible solution • Solutions in the United Kingdom • SouthWest Grid for Learning • www.swgfl.co.uk • Material used by schools in the UK

48. Possible solution • SWGfL

49. Conclusion • eSafety is a huge concern • No party has (yet) accepted responsibility for creating something like an eSafe culture

50. Conclusion • My proposal is: • the DoE takes responsibility and ensure that eSafety is brought officially into the curriculum, • teachers are properly trained to educate this curriculum to children and • currently available material can be used to do this effectively.