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Wetlands

Wetlands. What is a Wetland?. Types of wetlands. Marshes Swamps Bogs Fens. Water saturated patches of land. A Transition zone, comprised of a unique system between water, soil, and vegetation. Home to a vast number of aquatic and terrestrial species of flora and fauna. Watershed.

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Wetlands

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  1. Wetlands

  2. What is a Wetland? • Types of wetlands. • Marshes • Swamps • Bogs • Fens Water saturated patches of land. A Transition zone, comprised of a unique system between water, soil, and vegetation. Home to a vast number of aquatic and terrestrial species of flora and fauna.

  3. Watershed

  4. Tidal • Found along coastlines and influenced by the ocean tides, freshwater run offs, and ground water. • Very high in primary productivity. • Non-Tidal • Dominated by herbaceous plants • Frequently occur in poorly drained depressions, floodplains, and along lakes and rivers. • Freshwater marshes • Wet meadows • Wet prairies • Playas • Vernal Pools Marshes

  5. Tidal: Chesapeake bay Non-tidal

  6. Swamps • Primarily fed by surface water. • Dominated by trees and shrubs. • Found in both fresh and salt water floodplains. • Forest swamps • Mangrove swamps • Shrub swamps

  7. Bogs • Freshwater wetland • Common characteristics • Spongy peat moss deposits • Evergreen trees and shrubs • Sphagnum moss • Filled by rain water • Common in glaciated areas

  8. Fens • Fed by ground water • Covered by grasses, sedges, reeds and wildflowers • Common place for willows and birch trees

  9. Up to half of all North American bird species nest or feed in wetlands. Wildlife

  10. Ecological services: • Improving water quality through filtration • Recharging ground water • Flood Control • Stop over for migratory birds • Nesting and breeding grounds • Provides a wide range of habitat • High biological productivity • Aesthetic

  11. Threats! • Degradation of habitat due to human activates. • In the United States, 22 states have lost close to 50% of their wetlands since the 1970’s. Most extensively in Southern States. • Habitat destruction • Pollution

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