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Chemical Engineering and Sustainability

Chemical Engineering and Sustainability . By Me. What is Chemical Engineering. The branch of engineering concerned with the design and operation of industrial plants – Google The activity of applying chemistry to the solutions of practical problems – Princeton

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Chemical Engineering and Sustainability

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  1. Chemical Engineering and Sustainability By Me

  2. What is Chemical Engineering • The branch of engineering concerned with the design and operation of industrial plants – Google • The activity of applying chemistry to the solutions of practical problems – Princeton • Industrial Process Control, Environmental Engineering, Biotechnology, Energy Engineering, and Corrosion Engineering

  3. What Do Chemical Engineers Do? • Design new chemicals • Finds ways to make chemicals more efficient • Find ways to convert unwanted materials into useful, wanted materials

  4. Specifics • Recycling materials • Making drugs • Designing new plastics • How to make and use new forms of energy

  5. Knowledge Base • Chemistry • Physics • Math • Biology

  6. Basic Chem: The Atom • Protons • Neutrons • Electrons! – the most active part of chemistry

  7. Atomic Diagrams • Originally thought that electrons went around the nucleus • The exist in orbitals • Clouds of electrons

  8. Electrons • Electron spin • Electron energy • Hund’s and Paul’s rule

  9. Valence Electrons • Outermost shell • Determines reactivity and other properties of atoms

  10. Bonding • Ionic bonding – electrons are completely transferred and charges attract each atom to the other • Covalent Bonding – electrons are shared between atoms • Metallic Bonding – electron sea; how electricity occurs

  11. Reaction • Breaking of bonds and formation of new bonds • Bonds have energy • Bond of Products – Bonds of Reactants

  12. Thermodynamics • Entropy and Enthalpy • Chaos and heat • All reaction can be described by these and the likelihood of reactions can be determined by these characteristics

  13. Exovs Endo • Exothermic reactions release heat • Endothermic reactions consume heat

  14. Application • To conserve energy, process engineers would couple exo and endo reactions together

  15. Recycling and Chemical Engineering • Play a big part in recycling • 3 main: • Aluminum • Paper • Plastics

  16. Recycling aluminum • Paint, labels, lacquer need to be removed • Aluminum need to be removed of any impurities • Reduces air pollution by 99% and energy consumption by 95% • 54 billion cans = 15 billion barrels of crude oil

  17. Recycling Paper • Blended into a pulp with water • Need to remove extra chemicals such as ink • Filtered to removed impurities • Problem: fibers are not a strong • Paper can only be recycled a few times until it cannot be recycled anymore

  18. Recycling Plastics • Degrade extremely slowly • Plastics are separated and reprocessed without much being broken down • Helps United States remove plastic litter and energy independence

  19. Sources • Background - http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://whyismarko.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Sustainability.jpg&imgrefurl=http://whyismarko.com/2010/sustainability-vs-balance/&usg=__BaYK2tFbaNQ7CXvzowkCwvLL8R0=&h=693&w=693&sz=182&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=oPzFDPxY109P5M:&tbnh=119&tbnw=119&ei=yjf4Te3DDITVgQfw-rXgCw&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dsustainability%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1C1SNNT_enUS414US414%26biw%3D1111%26bih%3D566%26tbm%3Disch&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=430&vpy=228&dur=231&hovh=225&hovw=225&tx=127&ty=245&page=1&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:14,s:0 • Information - http://www.chemicalengineering.org/enviro/recycle.html

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