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Florence Goodenough

Florence Goodenough. The Goodenough-Harris Draw-A-Man Test By: Emily Grewe. Early Life and Education. Born in Honesdale, PA on August 6, 1886 Home schooled to the equivalent of a high school dipoloma Received a B.S. from Columbia University in 1920

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Florence Goodenough

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  1. Florence Goodenough The Goodenough-Harris Draw-A-Man Test By: Emily Grewe

  2. Early Life and Education • Born in Honesdale, PA on August 6, 1886 • Home schooled to the equivalent of a high school dipoloma • Received a B.S. from Columbia University in 1920 • Received a M.A. from Columbia University in 1921 • Received her Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1924

  3. Career • Assisted Lewis M. Terman in the initial phase of his studies of gifted children • Became Chief Psychologist of the Minneapolis Child Guidance Clinic in 1924 • In 1925 became an assistant professor at the Institute of Child Welfare at the University of Minnesota

  4. Psychological Work • Focused on the measurement of the intelligence of children • Specifically focused on the drawings of children to measure intelligence • Wrote guidelines for parents on the treatment of gifted and challenged children • Stressed the importance of good social relations for gifted children and confidence for challenged children

  5. Draw-A-Man Test • Originally the Goodenough Draw-A-Man test, expanded by Dale Harris and now referred to as the Draw-A-Person test • Awards a point for features present then moves to measuring details of features • Gives a raw score which can be converted into a standard score and then a percentile • Scales account for differences between males and females as well as different ages

  6. Why does the Draw-A-Man Test work so well? • Allows for the testing of intellectual maturity in children who are not able to read • Not based on artistic ability • Children draw what they know, not what they see • “The relationships to be observed are of two kinds, quantitative and spatial.”

  7. Why a man? • Children are generally familiar with the subject • Ideal to ensure consistent scoring • Able to test for both simple and complicated elements • Later expanded by Dale Harris to include a Draw-A-Woman section

  8. Terms • Exceptional Children- Children who display extraordinarily high mental capabilities for their age group • Challenged Children- Children who require special attention in order to academically compete with their peers • Intellectual maturity- the intellectual level of a child; different from behavioral maturity • IQ- intelligence quotient; an intelligence test score given to determine intellectual development • Right-brain dominant- usually exhibited by left handed individuals; individuals are usually gifted in creative aspects • Left-brain dominant- usually exhibited by right handed individuals; individuals are usually gifted in concrete subjects such as math and science

  9. Hypothesis • The higher creativity of left handed children indicates a higher level of intellectual maturity and will thus translate to higher scores than right handed children • Children who are younger for their grade will score higher than older children • No difference in birth order

  10. Testing Methods • Three 1st grade classes at Jenks East Elementary in Tulsa, OK • Gave children a sheet to fill out • Asked them to draw a man on the back using a pencil • Collected data on handedness, birth order and age

  11. Demographics • Mixed races • 20 females, 22 males • 33 right handed, 8 left handed • 16 6-year olds, 26 7-year olds • 22 youngest, 4 middle, 11 oldest, 4 only children

  12. Deja • Highest female scored • Raw Score: 29 • Standard Score: 123 • Percentile:94 • Age: 6 • Right handed • Birth Order: Only

  13. Sharome • 2nd highest female scored • Raw Score: 30 • Standard Score: 114 • Percentile: 82 • Only child to draw a profile • Age: 7 • Right handed • Birth Order: Oldest

  14. Logan • Highest male scored • Raw Score: 27 • Standard Score: 123 • Percentile: 94 • Age: 6 • Right handed • Birth Order: Middle

  15. Mason • 2nd highest male scored • Raw Score: 28 • Standard Score: 112 • Percentile: 79 • Age: 7 • Right handed • Birth Order: Oldest

  16. Brooke T. • Lowest female scored • Raw Score: 11 • Standard Score: 77 • Percentile: 6 • Age: 6 • Right handed • Birth Order: Youngest

  17. Owen • Lowest male scored • Raw Score: 7 • Standard Score: 70 • Percentile: 2 • Age: 6 • Right handed • Birth Order: Youngest

  18. Results

  19. Conclusions • The left handed children did score higher than the right handed children and therefore show a higher level of intellectual development • Children who are younger for their grade scored higher than those who were older • Only Children and middle children scored the highest for birth order

  20. If I were to do this again… • The teachers rushed the children due to planned activities • Some children drew only faces, not the entire man • Some children did not completely fill out the form I gave them • “Draw a man with a pencil”

  21. Nature vs. Nurture? Rousseau Goodenough Locke Nature Nurture Vygotsky Gesell

  22. Thanks for your time, I hope my presentation was Goodenough!

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