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Nansen International Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre (NIERSC): Arctic ROOS Relevant Activities

NIERSC focuses on understanding and monitoring climate and environmental changes in the high northern latitudes. Their current and planned projects include oil spill monitoring, marine environment monitoring, Arctic modeling, and Barents Sea resource monitoring.

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Nansen International Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre (NIERSC): Arctic ROOS Relevant Activities

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  1. Nansen International Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre (NIERSC) St. Petersburg, Russia • Arctic ROOS relevant activities • Leonid P. Bobylev Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  2. Vision To understand, monitor and predict climate and environmental changes in the high northern latitudes for serving the society • Mission • To develop Nansen International Centre to be a significant national and • international contributor to the studying climate and environmental changes in • the high northern latitudes.NIERSC focuses on the four major related research • areas: • Climate Variability and Change in High Northern Latitudes • 2 Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction • 3 Aquatic Ecosystems in Response to Global Change • 4 Applied Meteorological and Oceanographic Research for Industrial Activities NIERSC Vision and Strategy Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  3. NIERSC current and planned project activities relevant to the Arctic ROOS • INTAS DEMOSSS (2007-2009) • MONRUK (2007-2009) • DAMOCLES TTC (2006-2009) • MAREBASE (2008-2011) • MyOcean/Arctic Marine Core Services (2008-2010) Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  4. Development of marine oil spills/slicks satellite monitoring system elements targeting the Black/Caspian/Kara/Barents SeasINTAS DEMOSSS (2007-2009) • Partners: • NERSC (Bergen, Norway) • BOOST (Brest, France) • University of Hamburg (Germany) • NIERSC (St. Petersburg, Russia) • Institute of Applied Physics (Nizhny Novgorod, Russia) • Marine Hydrophysical Institute (Sevastopol, Ukraine) • AARI (St. Petersburg, Russia) • NTsOMZ (Moscow, Russia) • Overall goal: • To develop and demonstrate components of marine oil spill detection and prediction system based on satellite SAR and other data in combination with models for oil spill/slick monitoring, prediction and assessment of their impact on environment • Results: • prototype of marine environment information service in Black/Caspian/Kara/Barents Seas as a part of GMES • monitoring of oil spills/slicks in the Black/Caspian/ Kara/Barents Seas based on ENVISAT ASAR and optical data Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  5. Monitoring the marine environment in Russia, Ukraine andKazakhstan using Synthetic Aperture RadarMONRUK (2007-2009) • Partners: • NERSC (Bergen, Norway) • Coastal and Marine Resources Centre (Ireland) • BOOST (Brest, France) • NIERSC (St. Petersburg, Russia) • Marine Hydrophysical Institute (Sevastopol, Ukraine) • Center of Astrophysical Research • (Kazakhstan) • JRC/IPSC (Ispra, Italy) • NTsOMZ (Moscow, Russia), through • NIERSC • Overall goal: • To develop and implement satellite SAR monitoring of marine environmentin Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan as component of GMES • Specific objectives: • Develop algorithms for retrieval of marine geophysical parameters from SAR imagesincluding open ocean and sea ice • Improve forward modelling of sea surface radar scattering • Apply retrieval algorithms and radar scattering modelsfor improved quantification of sea surface parameters with focus on oil spill an sea ice monitoring • Establish service chains for SAR monitoring in Northern Sea Route, Black and Caspian Seas • Develop and implement user-friendly, harmonized, pan-European, interoperable system toaccess data and information about marine environment based on web map server technology Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  6. Developing Arctic Modelling and Observing Capabilities for Long-term Environment StudiesDAMOCLES TTC (2006-2009) • NIERSC tasks: • Ice thickness: • statistics of ice thickness, freeboard and density, and snow thickness from Russian archived data • from previous expeditions • Sea ice types and properties: • improvement of ice type classification and MY ice retrieval based on passive microwave and • scatterometer data using Neural Network approach and introducing ice surface temperature fields • into retrieval process • studying ice drift from Russian satellite data (Okean SLR and optical/IR) • Sea ice and snow thermodynamics: • expeditions onboard Russian (?) research vessels with measurements of temperature and albedo • of sea ice and snow as well as in situ microwave radiometer measurements for validation of • developed retrieval algorithms Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  7. Maritime Resources of the Barents Sea: Satellite data driven monitoring inthe context of increase of commercialefficiency of the fisheryMAREBASE (2008-2011) Overall objective: To advance capability to monitor the Barents Sea maritime resources inthe context of increase of commercial efficiency of fishery • Partners: • NERSC, Bergen, Norway • NIERSC, St. Petersburg, Russia • Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography(PINRO), Murmansk, Russia • Russian State Hydrometerological Univercity(RSHU), St. Petersburg • Specific objectives: • Development and validation of satellite SAR and optical data driven method for detection and monitoring marine processes and phenomena (e.g. fronts, current convergence and divergence) associated with zones ofenhanced biological productivity • Performance of pilot monitoring of Barents Sea based on satellite and aircraft data, hydrodynamic andecosystem modeling, and in situ observations on hydrological and biological (zooplankton, fish) parameters • Development of a prototype of satellite data driven monitoring system Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  8. Development and pre-operational validation of upgraded GMES Marine Core Service and capabilities MyOcean (2008-2010) WP5 – Arctic Monitoring and Forecasting Centre (MFC) Partners: • NERSC, Bergen, Norway • MetNo, Oslo, Norway • IMR, Bergen, Norway • NIERSC, St. Petersburg, Russia • AARI, St. Petersburg, Russia WP 5.5. Arctic MFC Calibration/Validation and quality insurance Objective: To document quality of Arctic MFC, monitor its evolution with respect to user requirements, assist users in their interpretation of results and provide recommendations for upcoming observations programs and model R&D actions Monitor Arctic MFC system in operation Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  9. Arctic ocean and sea ice parameters relevant to the Arctic ROOS: NIERSC contribution • Sea ice: • types • concentration • drift • Icebergs: • detection • Ocean surface features: • current and temperature fronts • eddies • internal waves • swell • Oil spills: • detection • area • evolution Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  10. SAR-image analysis (ocean, oil spills): RadarImaging Model (RIM) - NIERSC Atmospheric Boundary Layer Model (ABL) - NIERSC SARTool - BOOST Technologies Oil spill monitoring: Oil spill Model for the Arctic Seas (OilMARS) - AARI Sea ice monitoring: SAR NN-based algorithm for ice type classification – NIERSC Improved passive-active microwave algorithm for ice concentration retrieval (NORSEX + Scatterometer) – NIERSC New passive microwave NN-based algorithm for ice concentration retrieval - NIERSC Main Tools Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  11. Radar Imaging Model (RIM) Observed frontal feature Input: current velocity, SST, geostrophic wind and free atmosphere temperature Atmospheric Boundary Layer model output Wave spectrum transformation model output: Bragg spectrum, MSS, Wave Breaking Measured NRCS contrast NRCS model output Advanced model tool to simulate SAR signatures of various ocean surface phenomena comparison Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007 St.Petersburg, Russia

  12. Examples of products from SARTool Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  13. OilMARS (Oil spill Model for the Arctic Seas) OilMARS input: • NCEP/NCAR Reanalyzesdatabase • Wind velocity and direction • 3-D dynamic-thermodynamic model of ocean circulation (I. Neelov) • Surface water circulation • Surface water temperature and salinity • Ice concentration and drift • Wind wave model (I. Lavrenov) • Heights of wind waves • Periods of wind waves • Direction of wind waves propagation Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  14. SAR Neural Network-based algorithm for ice type classification MY-ice FY-ice Erroneous classification caused by lack of angle correction Level Rough ENVISAT ASAR image for 23.04.2007 Canadian Arctic Image classification: red – multiyear ice green – level first-year ice blue – rough first-year ice Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  15. Comparison of multi-year ice boundaries derived from scatterometer and AARI’s ice chart (30 March 2006) QuikSCAT (IFREMER) AARI Ice Chart SSM/I (NORSEX) Nilas First-year ice Multi-year ice Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  16. SSM/I mapping of multi-year ice with its boundary correction from scatterometer data November 2005 January 2006 Multi-year ice from scatterometer Multi-year ice from SSM/I NORSEX Corrected SSM/I Multi-year ice map Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  17. Development of Neural Network (NN) -based algorithmfor ice concentration retrievals Atmosphere-Ice-Ocean System (AIOS) Model Model of microwave radiation transfer in AIOS Dataset of simultaneous meteorological and ice data Brightness temperature calculations Optimal NN-configuration development Model sensitivity study NN-algorithm for FY and MY ice concentration retrieval NN-algorithm validation using SAR-imagery Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

  18. Iceberg detection in SAR and visible images Landsatsub-image for April 14, 2006 “Monitor-E” sub-image for April 7, 2006 ENVISAT ASARsub-image for April 5, 2006 Arctic ROOS Foundation MeetingLuleå 18-19 December 2007

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