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SYPHILIS

SYPHILIS. Syphilis. Causative organism Treponema palladium Staining methods Dark ground illumination Flourescent antibody techniques Silver impregnation techniques. Dark ground illumination. Immunology. Wasserman antibodies wassermann complement fixing test

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SYPHILIS

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  1. SYPHILIS

  2. Syphilis Causative organism • Treponema palladium Staining methods • Dark ground illumination • Flourescent antibody techniques • Silver impregnation techniques

  3. Dark ground illumination

  4. Immunology • Wasserman antibodies wassermann complement fixing test veneral disease research laboratory (VDRL) test • Treponemal antibodies Reiter protein complement fixation test (RPCF) Treponema pallidum immobilisation test (TPI) Florescent treponemal antibody test (FTA) Treponemal passive haemagglutination test (TPHA)

  5. Mode of tranmission • Sexual transmission • Intimate contact • Blood transfusion • Materno foetal transmission

  6. Stages of syphilis • Acquired syphilis • Congenital syphilis

  7. Stages of syphilis

  8. Primary syphilis • Chancre on genitals or extragenital sites • 2-4 weeks • Initially painless papule • Fully developed chancre – indurated lesion with central ulceration and regional lymphadenitis Microscopy • Dense infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells and few macrophages • Perivascular mononuclear cells particularly plasma cells.

  9. Secondary syphilis • Mucocutaneous lesions and painless lymphadenopathy • 2 – 3 months • Mucus patches on mouth, pharynx and vagina • Generalised skin eruptions and condyloma accuminata in anorectal region • Highly infective stage

  10. Tertiary syphilis • After latent period of secondary lesions • 2 – 3 years 2 types • Syphilitic gumma • Diffuse lesions of tertiary syphilis

  11. 1. Syphilitic gumma • Solitary localised rubbery lesions with central necrosis • Liver, testis, bone and brain • In liver, the gumma is associated with scarring of hepatic parenchyma (hepar lobatum) Microscopy • Gumma – central coagulative necrosis, surrounding zone of palisaded macrophages with lymphocytes, plasma cells giant cells and fibroblasts

  12. 2. Diffuse lesions of tertiary syphilis • CVS and CNS 2 types • Cardiovascular syphilis • Neurosyphilis

  13. A. Cardiovascular syphilis • Thoracic aorta • Wall of aorta are weakened and dilated, resulting in aortic aneurysm, incompetence of aortic valve and narrowing of coronary ostia

  14. B. Neurosyphilis • Meningovascular syphilis affecting meninges • Tabes dorsalis affecting spinal cord • General paresis affecting brain

  15. Congenital syphilis • Develop in foetus of more than 16 weeks of gestation 3 types • Child born dead • Child born alive • Late type

  16. 1. Child born dead • Child is premature with macerated skin, enlarged spleen and liver and with syphilitc epiphysitis

  17. 2. Child born alive • Mucocutaneous lesions of acquired secondary syphilis • Bony lesions like epiphysitis and periostitis • Bridge of nose may fall due to ulceration and destruction (saddle nose)

  18. 3.Late type • Appear after some years • Hucthinson’s teeth – Small widely spaced peg-shaped permenant teeth. • Tertiary lesions like gumma and neurosyphilis Microscopy • Mononuclear infiltration in most internal organs

  19. THANK YOU

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