Changes In Me

1. Changes In Me By: Kelly 5B

2. Content Page • Brain – Slide 3 • Lungs – Slide 4 • Heart- Slide 6 • Stomach- Slide 7 • Liver- Slide 8 • Large Intestine- Slide 9 • Small Intestine- Slide 10 • Kidneys- Slide 11 • My Personalities- Slide 12 • Peer Pressure- Slide 13 • What happens if your body is in pressure- Slide 14 • Strategies to deal with conflict- Slide 15 • Friends- Slide 16 • Making choices- Slide 17 • Advertisement- Slide 18 • How do friends influence our decision- Slide 19 • My personality poem- Slide 20 • Summary of Changes in me- Slide 21

3. The Brain • The brain is a organ that controls everything in our body. It is one of the most important organ in our body. The brain has 3 main parts : Cerebrum, Cerebellum and Medulla. The Cerebrum is the biggest part of the brain. It controls our senses, thinking and imagining. While the Cerebellum controls our motion, balance and our new knowledge. The Medulla controls Automatic actions in body like breathing, digesting and etc. The brain is divided into 2 halves called hemisphere. The left brain usually controls math & language skills. Meanwhile the right brain controls creative task. Our brain has four lobes. The lobes are called frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe and temporal lobe. These lobes are actually named after the bone of the skull that overlie them. Each of the lobes have different function. The main function of the frontal lobe are to control attention. Abstract, thinking, behavior, problem solving tasks, and physical reactions and personality. The parietal lobe contains are involved in hearing, language and attention. The Temporal lobe controls our auditory and visual memories, language and some hearing and speeches. The occipital lobe is the smallest lobe between those four. It’s function is to control our movement and color recognition.

4. Picture of the brain Parietal Lobe Frontal Lobe Occipital Lobe Temporal lobe Cerebellum Spinal cord

5. The Lungs • The Lungs helps us to breath and it is protected by the ribcage. Every time we breath our ribcage expands and it makes a single drop in air pressure inside our lungs. When our lungs take oxygen in they let our carbon dioxide. Daily exercise helps our lungs to keep healthy. They are cone-shaped and sponge-like. Each of the lungs are divided into lobes. The right lung has 3 and the left one has only 2. The lungs (both of them together) are one of the largest body organ. The job of the lungs is to transport oxygen into our bloodstream and to release carbon dioxide. The lungs are placed in both sides of the chest. The trachea (windpipe) conducts the oxygen into the lungs through the tubular branches called bronchi. • Our lungs consist of bunches of minute air sacs called alveoli. Inside our lungs there are about 300 million alveoli. The large surface area of the alveoli makes it possible for huge number of oxygen to go through our blood and also equal large amount of carbon dioxide can seep back to the airways when we breath out. These alveoli can be damaged by tar in cigarettes and it can cause breathing problems. If our lungs can be opened up and all the alveoli lay it could cover up a half tennis court. People who live in high altitudes has more bigger lung capacity. It is because the air is thinner up there. It’s possible for us to survive with one lung when a lung is damaged or diseased.

6. The heart • The heart function likes a pump. It pumps the blood to all parts of our body except our nails, hair and teeth. The heart is located between and behind our lungs. The outer part of the heart is made our of three layers: the epicedium, the myocardium and the endocardium. The myocardium is the muscle of the heart. The heart is made up of two pump parts. It’s the left and right one. It is separated by a muscle wall called septum. The right side of the heart is weaker and it only pumps blood to the lungs. While the left part of the brain pumps blood to all parts of the body. Each side of the heart has 2 chambers. The left and the right side of the brain ejects abut 70 ml of blood every beat. The heart are made almost entirely from muscles. The heart contracts and relaxes about 70 times a minute automatically. There is an arteries called coronary arteries and it supply the heart. If the arteries are clogged the heart muscle will be short of blood and stop working. That is what happen in a heart attack.

7. The stomach • The main job of the stomach is to break down food after we eat. The stomach passes the digested food into the intestines. There are 2 ways the stomach can break down food. The 1st way is called mechanical digestion. It is the physical way of breaking food. The 2nd way is called chemical digestion. It is when chemicals called enzymes break food into molecules that our body can absorb. Those chemical break down fat and proteins for our body. When our stomach is empty is barely holds 0.5 liters. But after a big meal it can stretch up to more than 4 liters. The stomach lining is protected by mucus so it doesn’t digest it self. The gastric juice that is produce by the stomach contains acid enzymes that breaks down the proteins from our food. The stomach takes 5 hours to digest. Once the food is digested and reduced into a liquid the muscular ring at the exit relaxes and pass it on to the small intestine.

8. The liver • The liver is the body’s chemical processing center. The liver is the biggest internal organ. It’s main job is handling all the nutrients and substances from the food we eat and give it to our body cells if needed. This amazing organ also transform carbohydrate into glucose. Glucose is the main energy giving chemical for body cells. The liver separates the healthy and unhealthy chemicals from food and drinks. The liver also cleans our blood. It also breaks down the protein into Amino Acid. It stores vitamin and minerals. It also breaks down ingredients in medicines. The liver also helps us to heal our wound. It also clears the blood old red cells and other harmful substances such as alcohol etc and the liver will make new plasma.

9. LARGE Intestine • The large intestine is shorter than the small intestine but it is a lot wider. It sucks most of the water out of digested chime. The large intestine keeps us from dehydrated. The large intestine contains bacteria that breaks down any remaining food and make vitamins. The first part of the large intestine is called the cecum. The appendix is attached to the cecum. Sometimes the appendix gets infected and has to be removed. The appendix has no function in humans. The main part of the large intestine is the colon and the colon is as long as our tall.

10. Small Intestine • Our small intestine is around 6-7m long tube and is about 2.5 cm wide. The small intestine is divided into 3 sections : the duodenum, the jejunum and the ileum. Same as the stomach the small intestine is also lined with protective mucus that protects the small intestine from digesting itself. The lining consists of thousand of villi. The villi give the small intestine a HUGE surface area. If we can flatten it, it could cover a whole tennis court. The duodenum which is the first part of the small intestine mixes the cyme with enzymes and bile to break it into molecules so it is possible to be absorbed. The middle part, the jejunum is the part where the food is absorbed. Small molecules pass across the villi into the blood stream and they can be transported into all around the body. The last part called the ileum only absorb vitamin B12.

11. Happy & Healthy Shelter Water Exercise Hygiene Oxygen Air Food Love Sleep

12. My Personalities

13. Peer Pressure • It is important to make good choices and not be pressured into things that we feel are wrong. Sometimes when we make choices there are effects that may cause other people and myself harm. Remember the ripple effect! Saying NO is not easy sometimes but if we are confident to say it then that is a good choice. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-IdCFrUdmAg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dhUMRzXQUNs

14. What happens to your body if it’s under pressure? • Cannot focus on School work • Headache • Tummy upset • Withdrawal • Cannot sleep • Anxiety • Frustrated/negative • Heart rate goes up • Shaky • Hot • Eating disorder • No appetite

15. Strategies to deal with conflict • Get support (adult) • Try to ignore the situation • Confrontation • Apologize even if you are NOT in the wrong

16. We can help others and be friendly to them even if they are not your friends. For example we can give our seat to the ones who need it more than we do. We can also greet them or even start a conversation. Every friendly thing can be done to other people too even the ones who we don’t even know. We can be friends to ‘EVERYBODY’ • Smile • Nice greeting • Start a conversation • Help someone

17. Making choices The best decision is an informed decision. The choices we make effect our lives and all choices have consequences. • The choices we make have consequences, positive and negative. • The choices we make MAY affect others. • There are different influences on our choices. • Every individual is responsible for choices he/she makes. What influences our choices? Media and peer pressure How people make decisions? Choices, information, facts, influences, consequences, responsibility

18. Advertisement • What are the positive and negative influences of your advertisement? • Positive • Some school might start to give more healthy lunches. • The students will be more healthy • The company will be more rich • Children might like veggies and get use to eat them • The school might have more students • School might gain more money • What are the positive and negative influences of your advertisement? • Negative • Students might not want to eat lunch because they don’t like the food • The company might not be success in promoting its service or thing. • The company might lose more money • The school might be fooled by the company.

19. How do our friends influence us? Friends can influence our idea by telling us to do it, pushing us to do it and also they tell stories. They can also said that it’s the trendy thing so it can make us buy things we don’t feel comfortable with.

20. My Personality Poem The world is made up Of so many different people And I’m happy to be who I am and not anyone else What I look like is only One part of me and I’m Sure that my friends would agree What I say, how I feel How, I act every day is Much more important to me My personality Makes me, me It’s my personality! My individuality My originality It’s my specialty It’s my personality! Isn’t it good we are not exactly the same?!

21. Summary of Changes in me • During the topic of Changes in Me I found the most interesting part is when we learnt about the organs in the human body. There 8 body organs that we learnt which is the brain, lungs, heart, stomach, liver, large intestine, small intestine and the kidneys. The brain is one of the important organs in our body. It controls everything even our personalities and feelings are all in our brain. The lungs are the organs that helps us to breathe, they are located in our chest. The heart is one of the most important organ in our body. So the brain and the heart are the most important organs without it we cannot survive. The main job of the heart is to pump blood all around the our body and it never stops. The stomach’s main job is to digest the food. The liver is the only organ that can reproduce again. The large intestine is around 7m-10m long and its just squeezed inside our body. The kidney’s job is to clean our blood. Happy and healthy was quite interesting because we got to know more information about how to take care of ourselves. It was also very helpful when we learnt the qualities of a friendship.