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BETTER FACTORIES CAMBODIA FORMERLY KNOWN AS: GARMENT SECTOR WORKING CONDITIONS IMPROVEMENT PROJECT. ILO PROJECT. US-Cambodia Trade Agreement. CONCLUDED ON 20/01/1999 FOR 3-YEAR PERIOD SETS EXPORT QUOTAS FOR CERTAIN CATEGORIES OF TEXTILES
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BETTER FACTORIES CAMBODIAFORMERLY KNOWN AS:GARMENT SECTOR WORKING CONDITIONS IMPROVEMENT PROJECT ILO PROJECT Sibbel Consulting
US-Cambodia Trade Agreement • CONCLUDED ON 20/01/1999 FOR 3-YEAR PERIOD • SETS EXPORT QUOTAS FOR CERTAIN CATEGORIES OF TEXTILES • POSSIBLE 14% ANNUAL BONUS INCREASE PROVIDED CAMBODIA SUPPORTS: • “THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A PROGRAMME TO IMPROVE WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE TEXTILE SECTOR, INCLUDING RECOGNISED CORE LABOUR STANDARDS , THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF CAMBODIAN LABOUR LAW” • EXTENDED ON 31/12/2001 FOR 3 YEARS • POSSIBLE 18% ANNUAL BONUS INCREASE Sibbel Consulting
US-Cambodia Trade Agreement ILO PROJECT (2001) INSTIT./CAPACITY BUILDING LEGISLATION AND EDUCATION WORKING CONDITIONS MONITORING Sibbel Consulting
MONITORING SYSTEM • MONITORS RECRUITED AND TRAINED BY ILO • MONITORING VISITS (ONE-TWO DAYS) TO 200+ REGISTERED FACTORIES TO OBTAIN RELEVANT INFORMATION • FACTORY REPORT ON SITUATION AND SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS TO FACTORIES • FOLLOW-UP MONITORING VISITS • PUBLIC OVERVIEW REPORTS ON SITUATIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS MADE BY FACTORIES
MONITORING SUBSTANCE • MINIMUM AGE • FORCED LABOUR • FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION AND COLLECTIVE BARGAINING • WAGES • HOURS OF WORK • LEAVE • HYGIENE AND SANITATION • SAFETY AND HEALTH Sibbel Consulting
WHAT STANDARDS ARE YOU MONITORING? • CONTENT OF INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS - NATIONAL LAW - CODE OF CONDUCT - PERFORMANCE/SAFEGUARD POLICY? • WHO DETERMINES CONTENT? • GAPS IN STANDARDS? • DIFFERENCES OF OPINION? • CLASH BETWEEN STANDARDS (INTER-INTRA)? • DO PEOPLE UNDERSTAND STANDARDS? Sibbel Consulting
WHO DOES THE MONITORING? • INTERNAL - EXTERNAL • FOR PROFIT - NON PROFIT • INTERNATIONAL - LOCAL • QUALIFICATIONS • GENDER, LANGUAGE, ETHNICITY • SELECTION/RECRUITMENT • RESPECTED BY THOSE BEING MONITORED? Sibbel Consulting
HOW DO YOU MONITOR? • PREPARATION (info - tools - transportation) • ANNOUNCED – UNANNOUNCED • DOCUMENTS (reliable) • INTERVIEWS (who - where - when - which monitor) • WHERE (in factory - market - home village) • WHEN (shift work - lunch break - end of day) • PATTERNS (not incidents/unless serious incidents) • PRACTICAL SOLUTIONS (not letter of the law) • ONUS ON EMPLOYER (documentation - obligation to inform workers) • RESPONSIBILITY (employer - worker - government official) Sibbel Consulting
Why do you monitor? SIMPLY TO GATHER INFO NEEDED TO ASSESS A SITUATION OR TO HELP SOLVE THE UNDERLYING CAUSES OF THE PROBLEMS IDENTIFIED IN THE SITUATION ASSESSMENT? Sibbel Consulting
OBJECTIVE BETTER FACTORIES CAMBODIA: IMPROVE WORKING CONDITIONS LEGISLATION AND EDUCATION INSTIT./CAPACITY BUILDING WORKING CONDITIONS MONITORING Sibbel Consulting
BASIS OF SUCCESS • POSITIVE INCENTIVE TRADE AGREEMENT • (INITIAL BINDING FACTOR) • OBJECTIVITY/NEUTRALITY • (ALLOWS BUILDING TRUST AND PARTNERSHIPS) • TRANSPARANCY • (TRUST - PREEMPTS POSSIBLE CRITICISM) • ROLE OF PARTNERS • (OWNERSHIP - ACCOUNTABILITY - RESOURCES) • KNOWLEDGE • (ULTIMATE BINDING FACTOR - TO MAKE SENSE AND SHARE) • PART OF THE SOLUTION • (CAPACITY BUILDING)