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Ch. 2 Section 2

Energy p. 35. Ch. 2 Section 2. All living things use energy. The amount of energy in the universe remains the same at all times but can change from one form to another. Energy. Electrical Radiant (light) Thermal Chemical Mechanical. Types of energy:.

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Ch. 2 Section 2

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  1. Energy p. 35 Ch. 2 Section 2

  2. All living things use energy. The amount of energy in the universe remains the same at all times but can change from one form to another. Energy

  3. Electrical Radiant (light) Thermal Chemical Mechanical Types of energy: What energy conversions occur from the food we eat?

  4. The motion of and spacing between atoms or molecules of a substance determine the substance’s state. States of matter:

  5. Thermal energy must be added… in order to go from a solid to a liquid to a gas How do changes between states occur?

  6. When one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances. Chemical reaction

  7. In capillaries, carbon dioxide reacts with water to produce carbonic acid. When it reaches the alveoli of the lungs it breaks down to carbon dioxide and water and is exhaled. One example of a chemical reaction in us:

  8. CO2 + H2O H2CO3 The 2-way arrow indicates that the reaction can go in either direction. Reactants – what you start with What are the reactant(s)? Products- what you end up with What are the product(s)? The chemical equation:

  9. Energy needed for a chemical reaction to begin. Catalysts- a chemical substance that reduces the amount of activation energy needed for a chemical reaction Activation energy

  10. Enzymes- a protein that acts as a catalyst; reducing activation energy to make a reaction go faster; speeds up metabolic reactions Catalysts in living things

  11. A.K.A redox reactions Reactions where electrons are transferred between atoms like with sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) Oxidation-reduction reactions

  12. If something loses an electron something else gains one Oxidation- a reactant loses one or more electrons and becomes more positive in charge

  13. Reduction- a reactant gains one or more electrons and becomes more negative in charge. Chlorine becomes Cl-

  14. LEO goes GER! Loses Electrons O xidation Gains E lectrons R eduction Remember this:

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