1 / 38

Heating and Cooling

Heating and Cooling. Coordinator: Karel Kabele, kabele@fsv.cvut.cz , CTU in Prague Contributors: Eric Willems , Erwin Roijen , Peter Op 't Veld , P.OpTVeld@chri.nl

asabi
Download Presentation

Heating and Cooling

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Heating and Cooling

  2. Coordinator: • Karel Kabele, kabele@fsv.cvut.cz, CTU in Prague • Contributors: • EricWillems, Erwin Roijen, Peter Op 't Veld, P.OpTVeld@chri.nl • Camilla Brunsgaard, cbru@create.aau.dk & Mary-Ann Knudstrup, mak@create.aau.dk, Aalborg University, Per Kvols Heiselberg, ph@civil.aau.dk, Tine S. Larsen, Olena K. Larsen, Rasmus Lund Jensen (AAU) • ArturasKaklauskas, Arturas.kaklauskas@st.vgtu.lt, AudriusBanaitis, Audrius.banaitis@vgtu.lt , Vilnius Geniminas Technical University (VGTU) • Marco Perino, marco.perino@polito.it, Gianvi Fracastoro, Stefano Corgnati, Valentina Serra (POLITO) • Werner Stutterecker, werner.stutterecker@fh-burgenland.at, (FH-B) • MattheosSantamouris, msantam@phys.uoa.gr, Margarita Asimakopoulos, Marina Laskari, marlaskari@googlemail.com, (NKUA) • Zoltan Magyar, zmagyar@invitel.hu, Mihaly Baumann, AnikoVigh, idesedu.pte@gmail.com (PTE) • Manuela Almeida, malmeida@civil.uminho.pt, Sandra Silva, sms@civil.uminho.pt, Ricardo Mateus, ricardomateus@civil.uminho.pt, University of Minho (UMINHO) • PiotrBartkiewicz, piotr.bartkiewicz@is.pw.edu.pl, PiotrNarowski, piotr.narowski@is.pw.edu.pl (WUT) • Matthias Haase, matthias.Haase@sintef.no, (NTNU) • Karel Kabele, kabele@fsv.cvut.cz, Pavla Dvořáková, pavla.dvorakova@fsv.cvut.cz, (CTU – FCE)

  3. LECTURE 3 ActiveSpaceheating and cooling

  4. Heat emitters (radiators, convectors, tubular, radiant heating (stripes, panels), dark and light infrared radiant pipes, stoves).

  5. Heating equipment • Heat source - heat transfer medium - heat emitter • Classification of the systems • local • floor • central • district

  6. Heat emitters

  7. Convectors Natural Fan-convectors Floor Wall

  8. Radiators

  9. Water content radiator today Heat insulation (old buildings) Heat insulation standard 1995 (new buildings) Heat insulation Standard 2000 Control limits Large mass = heating unresponsive low mass = responsive heating Mass = storage Responsive heating control important to make use of solar gains G radiator G Panel radiator P Steel radiator S

  10. * radiator temperature, 200C room temperature Convection share Radiation share Single panel radiator, without convector Double panel radiator, with three convectors Finned tube convector Radiator (modular) Thermal output

  11. Off-peak storage • Static • Dynamic • Convector • Radiator

  12. Air flow patterns prof.Ing.Karel Kabele,CSc.

  13. Radiant panels • Low temperature • heaters max 110 °C (water, steam, el.power) • High temperature • dark - about 350°C - radiant tube heating system (gas) • light - about 800 °C - flameless surface gas combustion

  14. Heat emitters • Design principles • Heating output • Location • Covering - furniture • Connection to the pipe system • Type

  15. 95% 110% 87% 100% 100% 100% 90% 85% Heatemitters design • Covering = changes in the output • Connection to the piping system

  16. SPACE HEATING AND COOLING

  17. Low-temperature radiant heatingHigh-temperature radiant cooling • Underfloor, wall and/or ceiling heating/cooling • Embededsurfaces • TABS • Snowmeltsystems

  18. Low - temperature radiant heating floor, wall and/or ceiling with embedded pipes or el.wires in concrete slab Temperature distribution Radiators Underfloor heating Ideal temperature Ideal temperature Radiators Underfloor heating 125BEE1_2008/2009 prof.Ing.Karel Kabele,CSc.

  19. Radiant heating/cooling • Output • Limited surface temperature limited output cca 100 W.m-2 • Energy savings • Lower air temperature lower heat losses • Control • Low temperature difference autocontrol effect

  20. Underfloor heating • History

  21. Low/high - temperature radiant heating/cooling • Floor structure Insulating strip between wall and flooring Finished flooring Concrete slab min 65mm Reinforcement Pipes Thermal insulation 20-80mm Supporting floor structure Humidity seal

  22. Underfloor heating - structure TYP B TYP A TYP C

  23. Low - temperature radiant heating • Technical solution • Pipe layout

  24. Underfloor heating - examples

  25. Wall heating • Embeddedpipes - innerwallside • Highersurfacetemperature on bothsides • Furniture layout • Roomswithgiven use ofspace: swimming pools, entrance areas, corridors • not possible or desirable to use conventional heating surfaces: prisons, hospitals,… • Possibility to use thesystemforcooling

  26. Wall heating - Design process • determination of the areas, applicable to this type of heating; • determine the desired maximum surface temperature; • calculate the heat loss room analogy for underfloor heating without losing the wall with wall heating; • verification of the achievable performance of surfaces and temperature • compared to heat loss, or draft supplementary heating surfaces. • select the type of wall heating, wet or dry system, pipe or capillaries; • design spacing and temperature parameters of heat transfer fluid; • hydraulic calculation.

  27. Wall heating - temperatures • Fromthe point ofthermalcomfortitislikeradiatorsheating • Maximum surfacetemperature 35 - 50 °C according to localconditions. • For surface temperatures above 42 ° C can be painful contact. • size of losses to the outside, impact on the neighboring room • Some manufacturers recommend and design system for the surface temperature of 35 ° C

  28. Technicalsolution A – pipesdiameter 10-14 mm • Wet • Dry B – capillarymats Pipesdiameter 6 mm , rozteč 30-50 mm • Wet

  29. Thermally Activated Building Structures(TABS) • With or without phase change material • Cooling capacity can limit the use of system • Control of room conditions?

  30. Thermalactivation of buildingstructure (TABS) - Nationaltechnicallibrary(Prague) foto: Václav Nývlt, Technet.cz

  31. Special caseHEATING OF THE BASEMENT OF  ICE SURFACE

  32. Realization

  33. „Floor“structure Ice50 mm Concrete240 mm Cooling-16/-12°C; 160 W/m2 EPS 250 mm Concrete250 mm

  34. „Floor“structurewithheatingsystem Ice50 mm Concrete240 mm Cooling-16/-12°C 160 W/m2 EPS 250 mm Concrete250 mm Heating 10/8 °C; cca 10 W/m2

  35. Heating of outdoor surfaces Snowmeltsystem Pipe spacing 15-50cm Temperature 50-80°C Use ofantifreeze Thermaloutput according to theamoutofsnow and outdoortemperature Largethermalinertia Mechanicalresistance

  36. Air heating/cooling systems – circulating, ventilating. Integration of heating/cooling systems.

More Related