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KWL Chart

KWL Chart. Ghana, Mali, & Songhai. Empire of Ghana ( red outline ). What do you notice about Ghana’s location? Geography? Natural resources? Significance?. SALT. SALT. GOLD. GOLD. Empire of Ghana (copy). Merchants paid taxes to Ghana for salt & gold.

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KWL Chart

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  1. KWL Chart

  2. Ghana, Mali, & Songhai

  3. Empire of Ghana (red outline) • What do you notice about Ghana’s location? • Geography? • Natural resources? • Significance? SALT SALT GOLD GOLD

  4. Empire of Ghana (copy) Merchants paid taxes to Ghana for salt & gold Ghana used money to conquer new territory Conquered territories paid tribute to Ghana • “Salt was valuable because .” • -“Gold was valuable because .”

  5. Empire of Ghana • Berbers • People from North Africa who practiced Islam, spoke Arabic, & traded salt/gold across the Sahara • Importance? (see whiteboard) • ___________ • ___________

  6. Islam & Ghana

  7. Decline of Ghana • Almoravids – took over North Africa in 1000’s & attacked Ghana • Wanted others to convert to Islam • Weakened Ghana’s trade network • Took capital city of KoumbiSaleh in 1076 C.E. • Significance of Ghana’s downfall?

  8. Video: “DE – Islam comes to Timbuktu” • Video questions (copy & answer): • Name of empire after Ghana & who founded it? • Who was Mansa Musa & what did he do? • What did Muslims exchange for slaves & gold in Timbuktu?

  9. Empire of Mali • Sundiata: founder • Timbuktu: capital city of Mali empire • Significance?

  10. Empire of Mali: Mansa Musa • Devout Muslim, but tolerated other religions • Mali’s most famous king • 1324: Hajj (Pilgrimage) to Mecca • 12,000 slaves; 80 camels; 300 lbs of gold

  11. Empire of Mali: Mansa Musa • Significance of Hajj? • Attracted merchants & scholars to Mali • Increased trade between Mali & other kingdoms • Money funded the Renaissance in Europe

  12. Decline of Mali (1332~1500) • Internal problems • Disputes over succession • Rebellion by Songhai people • External problems • Invasions by Berbers & capture of Timbuktu (1433) • Bandit attacks on trading caravans

  13. Empire of Songhai • Rebelled against Mali • Gao: capital city • Sunni Ali (king) • Overthrew Berbers & expanded Songhai empire

  14. Empire of Songhai: Askia Muhammad • Spread Islam throughout empire • Successful in cities • Not so much in countryside (still a mix of Islamic & traditional religions) • Reorganized empire • Set up provinces with governors Yes, that’s from Aladdin. BUT he’s also an example of how Islam mixed with African beliefs

  15. Fall of Songhai • Internal problems • Disputes over succession • Weak rulers • External problems • Invasions from North Africa (late 1500’s) • Loss of $$$ (b/c lost salt mines) • Major cities (Timbuktu, Gao) captured by invaders

  16. BIG IDEAS in History • Notice any similarities between Ghana, Mali, & Songhai? • Reasons for rise/expansion? • Reasons for downfall? • Other things?

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