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This course covers the fundamentals of computer graphics, including software, hardware, and real-world applications. Dive into the world of CG to understand its impact on industries like manufacturing, motion pictures, video games, education, and more. Discover why creating realistic graphics is both challenging and rewarding. Explore the possibilities of visual storytelling through advanced techniques and technologies.
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Introduction to Computer Graphics • Syllabus Handout • Goal of Course • Software - C/C++, OpenGL • Hardware - Unix, Windows, NT, Mac • Who you are and what you want from the course 480/580 Lecture 1
Definition of Computer Graphics • Computer aided synthesis of pictures from non-pictoral form • Subfields and related fields Symbols Structures Images Signals 480/580 Lecture 1
Reasons for CG • User can take in more information • Tables versus graphs • Easy to make changes • Circuit design • Can simulate • Auto design • Flight simulators - http://berkelium.com/OpenGL/flight.html • Can do the impossible • Not obey the laws of physics – ILM’s “Come Home” • http://www.ilmcp.com/home_index.html • Captain Kirk and USS Enterprise travel through spiral interior of DNA molecule 480/580 Lecture 1
Motivations for Development • Manufacturing industry • CAD/CAM - http://www.cadsystems.com/profiles/0106_virtualplant.html • 777 design – http://www.boeing.com/commercial/777family/cdfacts.html • Circuit design and layout - http://www.automationstudio.com/ • Flight Simulators • Initial single biggest motivator for realism • Training – simulated crash vs. actual crash • Simulate combat – 5 missions • Realism – on ground simulators • In plane goggles and runway 2000 feet up • Low level flight – cactus spines 480/580 Lecture 1
More motivations • Motion Picture Industry • TRON, Star Wars, Twister, Perfect Storm, Jurassic Park III - http://cgw.pennnet.com/Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Section=Articles&Subsection=Display&ARTICLE_ID=108471 • Amazingly difficult to produce • Toy Story • SGI hardware • Pixar software and production techniques • James and the Giant Peach • 14.5 min of CG animation • 9 months of work by Sony Pictures Image Works team 480/580 Lecture 1
More motivations • Video Games - http://graphics.stanford.edu/ • Music Videos • Morphing – transform one object into another - http://graphics.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/alumni/tolis/personal/getpage.cgi?morph.html • Presentation Graphics • Videos, 35 mm slides, transparencies, reports • Bar charts, line graphs, surface graphs, pie charts • Computer Art • Paintbrush programs • Graphics tablet (digitizer) • Stylus (brush shapes, sizes, colors) • http://cgw.pennnet.com/Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Section=Articles&Subsection=Display&ARTICLE_ID=108502 • Commercial art • Fine art 480/580 Lecture 1
More Motivations • Education and Training • Computer generated models • Simulators - http://www.virtual-u.org/ • Virtual education - http://online.phoenix.edu/ • Visualization • Business visualization • View data sets • Scientific visualization • Genomics - http://www.neurophys.wisc.edu/~cozzi/2cb.html • Computer vision - http://www.vasc.ri.cmu.edu/demos/facedemo.html 480/580 Lecture 1
Why so Hard? • Computationally expensive • Still developing new algorithms for realism • Regular objects easy • Surface of revolution • Surface texture • Toys vs people • Orange vs ping pong ball • Texture mapping 480/580 Lecture 1
Why so Hard, cont. • Imperfections • Blemishes – woodwork in Toy Story • Reflectivity • Plastic versus rainbow • Matt surfaces versus specular surfaces • Motion • Model by hand – animators and key frames • Model by physical equations • Motion capture • http://cgw.pennnet.com/Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Section=Articles&Subsection=Display&ARTICLE_ID=108465 • Fur, Fire, Fern Fun • Dynamic systems - http://cgw.pennnet.com/Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Section=Articles&Subsection=Display&ARTICLE_ID=108473 • “grow” the processes – particle systems, etc 480/580 Lecture 1