Introduction to Computer Graphics

1. Introduction to Computer Graphics cgvr.korea.ac.kr

2. Computer Graphics? Image Analysis (pattern recognition, Computer Vision) Mathematical Model Image Computer Graphic Modeling Image processing cgvr.korea.ac.kr

3. What is Computer Graphics? (1/2) • Definition • Producing pictures or images using a computer • Example Courtesy of Tippet Studio cgvr.korea.ac.kr

4. What is Computer Graphics? (1/2) • Definition • Producing pictures or images using a computer • Example Courtesy of Tippet Studio cgvr.korea.ac.kr

5. What is Computer Graphics? (1/2) • Definition • Producing pictures or images using a computer • Example • Bugs: Courtesy of Tippet Studio cgvr.korea.ac.kr

6. What is Computer Graphics? (1/2) • Definition • Producing pictures or images using a computer • Example • The Final Stage: Burning the bugs Courtesy of Tippet Studio cgvr.korea.ac.kr

7. What is Computer Graphics? (1/2) • Definition • Producing pictures or images using a computer • Example • Batman & Robin: The Love Dust Courtesy of Buf Compagnie cgvr.korea.ac.kr

8. What is Computer Graphics? (1/2) • Definition • Producing pictures or images using a computer • Example • Batman & Robin: The Love Dust Courtesy of Buf Compagnie cgvr.korea.ac.kr

9. What is Computer Graphics? (1/2) • Definition • Producing pictures or images using a computer • Example • Batman & Robin: The Love Dust Courtesy of Buf Compagnie cgvr.korea.ac.kr

10. What is Computer Graphics? (1/2) • Definition • Producing pictures or images using a computer • Example • Batman & Robin: The Love Dust Courtesy of Buf Compagnie cgvr.korea.ac.kr

11. What is Computer Graphics? (1/2) • Definition • Producing pictures or images using a computer • Example • Batman & Robin: The Love Dust Courtesy of Buf Compagnie cgvr.korea.ac.kr

12. What is Computer Graphics? (1/2) • Definition • Producing pictures or images using a computer • Example • Batman & Robin: The Love Dust Courtesy of Buf Compagnie cgvr.korea.ac.kr

13. What is Computer Graphics? (1/2) • Definition • Producing pictures or images using a computer • Example • Batman & Robin: The Love Dust Courtesy of Buf Compagnie cgvr.korea.ac.kr

14. What is Computer Graphics? (2/2) • Imaging • Representing 2D images • Modeling • Representing 3D objects • Rendering • Constructing 2D images from 3D models • Animation • Simulating changes over time cgvr.korea.ac.kr

15. Applications • Display of Information • Design • Simulation • Computer Art • Entertainment cgvr.korea.ac.kr

16. Display of Information • Graphics for Scientific, Engineering, and Medical Data Nebula Medical Image ابر، توده های گرد و غبار در هوا cgvr.korea.ac.kr

17. Design • Graphics for Engineering and Architectural System • Design of Building, Automobile, Aircraft, Machine etc. AutoCAD 2002 Interior Design cgvr.korea.ac.kr

18. Simulation • Computer-Generated Models of Physical, Financial and Economic Systems for Educational Aids Flight Simulator Mars Rover Simulator شبیه ساز پرواز شبیه ساز سیاره مریخ cgvr.korea.ac.kr

19. Computer Art • Graphics for Artist Metacreation Painter cgvr.korea.ac.kr

20. Entertainment • Graphics for Movie, Game, VR)Virtual Reality) and etc. Final Fantasy Online Game cgvr.korea.ac.kr

21. Representations in graphics • Vector Graphics • Image is represented by continuous geometric objects: lines, curves, etc. • Raster Graphics • Image is represented as an rectangular grid of coloured squares cgvr.korea.ac.kr

22. Vector graphics • Graphics objects: geometry + colour • Complexity ~ O(number of objects) • Geometric transformation possible without loss of information (zoom, rotate, …) • Diagrams, schemes, ... • Examples: PowerPoint, CorelDraw, ... cgvr.korea.ac.kr

23. Raster graphics • Generic • Image processing techniques • Geometric Transformation: loss of information • Complexity ~ O(number of pixels) • Jagged edges, anti-aliasing • Realistic images, textures, ... • Examples: Paint, PhotoShop, ... cgvr.korea.ac.kr

24. Display list move 10 20 line 20 40 ... char O V E C T O R char R Vector Graphics Hardware continuous & smooth lines no filled objects random scan refresh speed depends on complexity of the scene Display Controller cgvr.korea.ac.kr

25. Frame buffer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 7 7 6 0 7 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 Raster Graphics Hardware Video Controller R A S T E R jaggies (stair casing) filled objects (anti)aliasing refresh speed independent of scene complexity pixel scan conversion resolution bit planes cgvr.korea.ac.kr

26. Generating graphics • Special-purpose programs • Photoshop, Powerpoint, AutoCAD, StudioMax, Maya, Blender, PovRay, … • General graphics libraries and standards • Windows API, OpenGL, Direct3D,… cgvr.korea.ac.kr

27. What’s Our Scope? • Not a Tutorial on Commercial Software • 3DMax, Maya, Photoshop, etc. • Not about Graphics Business • 3D online-game, E-commerce, etc. • Graphics = Algorithm for Visual Simulation • Imaging, Modeling, Rendering, Animation cgvr.korea.ac.kr

28. CG standards • Set of graphics functions, to be called from programming language • Access to and abstract from hardware • Standardization C, C++, Java, Delphi,… CG API Fortran, Pascal, … Drivers Display Input dev. Display Input dev. 1975 From 2000 cgvr.korea.ac.kr

29. Functions • Graphics Output Primitives • Line, polygon, sphere, … • Attributes • Color, line width, texture, … • Geometric transformations • Modeling, Viewing • Shading and illumination • Input functions cgvr.korea.ac.kr

30. Textbook • Computer Graphics C Version • D. Hearn and M. P. Baker • 2nd Edition • PRENTICE HALL cgvr.korea.ac.kr

31. Schedule cgvr.korea.ac.kr

32. Assignments • Every 3 weeks • #1: 2D drawing • #2: 2D transformations • #3: image enhancment • Windows Programming • C and C++ or Java • Not Using Graphics Library (OpenGL, DirectX, Java3D, etc.) cgvr.korea.ac.kr

33. Secrets for Success • Learn the Math and NOT JUST the HACKS • THINK before You Code • Try to Develop Visual Debugging Skills • Seek the Help It’s too Late cgvr.korea.ac.kr